Levetiracetam
別名: Keppra, Keppra XR, Desitrend
* **Strict Schedule:** This medication must be given exactly as prescribed, usually **every 8 hours (three times a day)**. Missing doses can lead to breakthrough seizures. * **Side Effects:** Your pet may seem sleepy, lethargic, or have a decreased appetite initially. These effects usually improve as your pet gets used to the medication. * **Seizure Log:** Keep a detailed diary of any seizures (date, time, duration, and severity) to help your veterinarian adjust the dose. > **Do not stop abruptly:** Suddenly stopping this medication can cause severe, life-threatening seizures. Always consult your veterinarian before changing the dose.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- As an add-on to phenobarbital treatment for epilepsy
- As an adjunct to phenobarbital in suspected idiopathic epilepsy
- As an add-on treatment for epilepsy in dogs refractory to phenobarbital and bromides
- As an add-on treatment for epilepsy in dogs refractory to phenobarbital and/or bromides
- Seizure management
- Seizure management
- Seizure management
- Single-dose pharmacokinetic study
- For status epilepticus
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Sedation (most common in dogs)
- Lethargy (most common in cats)
- Decreased appetite (most common in cats)
- Behavior changes
- Gastrointestinal effects
- Sedation (dogs)
- Ataxia (dogs)
- Reduced appetite (cats)
- Hypersalivation (cats)
- Lethargy (cats)
注意事項與禁忌
- Hypersensitivity to levetiracetam or any of its components
- Severe renal disease
- > **Renal Impairment:** Clearance is primarily renal (glomerular filtration and active tubular secretion). Dosage amounts or intervals must be adjusted in patients with decreased creatinine clearance. * **Pregnancy/Nursing:** FDA Category C. High doses in animal models showed embryofetal mortality and minor skeletal abnormalities. Excreted in maternal milk; use with caution in nursing patients. * **Withdrawal:** Abrupt discontinuation may precipitate withdrawal seizures; taper slowly if discontinuing.
藥物相互作用
- NSAIDs (naproxen, ketorolac): May increase the risk for seizures (reported in humans; veterinary significance unclear).
- Phenobarbital: Significantly increases levetiracetam clearance and reduces its half-life in dogs (from 3.43 hrs to 1.73 hrs); dosage adjustments may be required.
常見問題
Levetiracetam用於寵物有甚麼用途？
* **Strict Schedule:** This medication must be given exactly as prescribed, usually **every 8 hours (three times a day)**. Missing doses can lead to breakthrough seizures. * **Side Effects:** Your pet may seem sleepy, lethargic, or have a decreased appetite initially. These effects usually improve as your pet gets used to the medication. * **Seizure Log:** Keep a detailed diary of any seizures (date, time, duration, and severity) to help your veterinarian adjust the dose. > **Do not stop abruptly:** Suddenly stopping this medication can cause severe, life-threatening seizures. Always consult your veterinarian before changing the dose.
Levetiracetam對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。