羥乙基澱粉
別名: Hespan, Hextend, Voluven
**寵物主人指引：** * **加護病房急救用藥：** 羥乙基澱粉 (HES) 是一種僅在醫院環境（通常是加護病房 ICU）中使用的靜脈輸液。 * **使用原因：** 它是一種「膠體」輸液，這意味著它含有大分子，能比一般靜脈輸液在血管中停留更長的時間。它被用來快速治療休克、危險的低血壓或嚴重的蛋白質流失。 * **監測：** 因為它是一種強效輸液，您的寵物將受到密切監測，以防出現液體超載（可能影響呼吸）和血液凝固功能的變化。 * **費用：** 膠體治療及其所需的密集監測可能會顯著增加急診費用。您的獸醫師將與您討論為何您的寵物需要此項治療來穩定病情。
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
Veterinary professional? See the full dosing-by-species reference on VetSheet →
用途
- Shock bolus (resuscitation)
- Infusion
- Emergent situations / Colloid oncotic pressure support
- Shock resuscitation
- Adult horses - volume support
- Foals - rapid volume support
- Hypo-oncotic, well hydrated horses
- Volume replacement
- Fluid resuscitation and management of hypoproteinemia
- Volume replacement
- Small volume replacement/CPCR resuscitation
- Volume replacement
- Camelids - Volume expansion
- Shock bolus (resuscitation)
- Infusion
- Emergent situations / Colloid oncotic pressure support
- Shock resuscitation
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Coagulopathies (prolonged PT/PTT, altered Factor VIII and von Willebrand Factor)
- Nausea and vomiting (especially in cats if administered too rapidly)
- Volume overload leading to pulmonary edema
- Hypersensitivity/anaphylactic reactions (rare)
- Falsely elevated serum amylase levels
- Transient increases in indirect serum bilirubin
- Potential risk for acute kidney injury (extrapolated from human data)
注意事項與禁忌
- Severe heart failure
- Severe bleeding disorders
- Oliguric or anuric renal failure
- **Important Warnings & Precautions:** * **Coagulation:** HES can precipitate Factor VIII and interfere with von Willebrand Factor. Use with extreme caution in patients with pre-existing coagulopathies (e.g., von Willebrand's disease), thrombocytopenia, or those undergoing CNS surgery. * **Renal Risk:** Human data suggests a risk of acute kidney injury (AKI), particularly in septic patients. Use cautiously in veterinary patients with pre-existing renal dysfunction or sepsis. * **Volume Overload:** Can cause severe circulatory overload. Use with caution in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF), oliguric renal failure, or pulmonary edema. * **Capillary Leak:** In severe sepsis, SIRS, or trauma, HES may extravasate into the pulmonary interstitium, potentially causing or worsening pulmonary edema. * **Administration in Cats:** Rapid IV boluses in cats frequently cause nausea and vomiting; administer slowly (over 15-30 minutes). * **Not a Blood Substitute:** HES has no oxygen-carrying capacity and does not replace the need for RBCs in anemic patients.
藥物相互作用
- Whole Blood / Red Blood Cells: Do not administer Hextend simultaneously with blood through the same administration set due to a risk of coagulation.
常見問題
羥乙基澱粉用於寵物有甚麼用途？
寵物主人指引： • 加護病房急救用藥： 羥乙基澱粉 (HES) 是一種僅在醫院環境（通常是加護病房 ICU）中使用的靜脈輸液。 • 使用原因： 它是一種「膠體」輸液，這意味著它含有大分子，能比一般靜脈輸液在血管中停留更長的時間。它被用來快速治療休克、危險的低血壓或嚴重的蛋白質流失。 • 監測： 因為它是一種強效輸液，您的寵物將受到密切監測，以防出現液體超載（可能影響呼吸）和血液凝固功能的變化。 • 費用： 膠體治療及其所需的密集監測可能會顯著增加急診費用。您的獸醫師將與您討論為何您的寵物需要此項治療來穩定病情。
羥乙基澱粉對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。