Hydromorphone
別名: Dilaudid, Dilaudid-HP, Exalgo, Palladone
Hydromorphone is a potent opioid pain medication. - **Supervision**: When given by injection, this medication is typically used in a hospital setting under direct veterinary supervision. - **Oral Use at Home**: If sent home with oral tablets or liquid, keep this medication in a secure location out of reach of children and other pets. It is a strictly controlled substance. - **What to Expect**: Your pet may appear sedated or sleepy. In dogs, panting and whining are common side effects and do not necessarily mean the pet is in pain. Cats may occasionally act restless or have a slightly elevated body temperature. - **Side Effects to Watch For**: Monitor for severe lethargy, extreme difficulty breathing, or severe constipation. Contact your veterinarian if these occur. - **Do Not Share**: Never give this medication to another pet or a human, as it can be fatal if used incorrectly.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- As an analgesic
- For cancer pain
- For moderate to severe pain
- As a premed prior to moderately painful procedures
- As an alternate induction method (especially in critical patients)
- As a pre-op
- As a CRI post-op
- As a pre-op (Rabbits)
- As a CRI post-op (Rabbits)
- As an analgesic
- For cancer pain
- As an analgesic
- As an analgesic
- For perioperative pain
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Dogs: Nausea, vomiting, defecation, panting, vocalization, sedation, CNS depression, respiratory depression, bradycardia, decreased GI motility (constipation with chronic use)
- Cats: Nausea, ataxia, hyperesthesia, hyperthermia, behavioral changes (mania/excitement if given without tranquilization)
- Mild histamine release (infrequent compared to morphine)
注意事項與禁忌
- Hypersensitivity to narcotic analgesics
- Diarrhea caused by toxic ingestion (until toxin is eliminated)
- Prior to GI obstructive surgery (due to vomiting risk)
- Patients stung by scorpion species Centruroides sculpturatus Ewing and C. gertschi Stahnke (may potentiate venom)
- > **Black Box Warning / Extreme Caution**: Use with extreme caution in patients with respiratory disease, acute respiratory dysfunction, head injuries, increased intracranial pressure, and acute abdominal conditions (e.g., colic) as it may obscure diagnosis. - **Vomiting Risk**: Contraindicated as a preanesthetic in animals with suspected gastric dilation, volvulus, or intestinal obstruction. - **Systemic Disease**: Use cautiously in hypothyroidism, severe renal insufficiency (acute uremia), adrenocortical insufficiency (Addison's), and severe hepatic disease (prolonged duration of action). - **Cardiovascular**: Can cause bradycardia; use cautiously in patients with preexisting bradyarrhythmias. - **Feline Hyperthermia**: Can cause self-limiting hyperthermia in cats. High doses in cats should be combined with a tranquilizer to prevent bizarre behavioral changes. - **Vulnerable Populations**: Geriatric, debilitated, or neonatal patients may be more susceptible and require lower dosages.
藥物相互作用
- Butorphanol, Nalbuphine: Potentially could antagonize opiate effects
- CNS Depressants: Additive CNS depression effects possible
- Diuretics: Opiates may decrease diuretic efficacy in CHF patients
- Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (e.g., amitraz, selegiline): Severe and unpredictable opiate potentiation; not recommended if MAOI used within 14 days
- Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Hydromorphone may enhance muscle relaxant effects
- Phenothiazines: May antagonize analgesic effects and increase risk for hypotension
- Tricyclic Antidepressants (clomipramine, amitriptyline): Hydromorphone may exacerbate the effects of tricyclic antidepressants
- Warfarin: Opiates may potentiate anticoagulant activity
常見問題
Hydromorphone用於寵物有甚麼用途？
Hydromorphone is a potent opioid pain medication. - **Supervision**: When given by injection, this medication is typically used in a hospital setting under direct veterinary supervision. - **Oral Use at Home**: If sent home with oral tablets or liquid, keep this medication in a secure location out of reach of children and other pets. It is a strictly controlled substance. - **What to Expect**: Your pet may appear sedated or sleepy. In dogs, panting and whining are common side effects and do not necessarily mean the pet is in pain. Cats may occasionally act restless or have a slightly elevated body temperature. - **Side Effects to Watch For**: Monitor for severe lethargy, extreme difficulty breathing, or severe constipation. Contact your veterinarian if these occur. - **Do Not Share**: Never give this medication to another pet or a human, as it can be fatal if used incorrectly.
Hydromorphone對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。