Acepromazine
別名: PromAce, Aceproject, Aceprotabs, Plegicil, Notensil, Atravet, Acecare, ACP
* **Urine Discoloration:** This medication may temporarily discolor your pet's urine to a pink or red-brown color; this is a normal side effect and is not a cause for alarm. * **Not a Pain Reliever:** Acepromazine provides sedation but **does not relieve pain**. If your pet is undergoing a painful procedure, other medications will be needed. * **Keep Environment Quiet:** Even though your pet looks sleepy, they can still be startled by loud noises or sudden movements and may react unpredictably. Keep them in a quiet, calm environment while the drug wears off. * **Third Eyelid:** You may notice your pet's "third eyelid" (a membrane in the inner corner of the eye) covering part of the eye. This is normal and will resolve as the medication wears off. * **Regulatory:** FDA-approved for use in dogs, cats, and horses not intended for food.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Sedation
- Sedation
- Labeled dose
- Restraint/sedation
- Preanesthetic
- To reduce anxiety in the painful patient (not a substitute for analgesia)
- Premedication
- As a premedicant with morphine
- Sedation and premedication (Non-Boxers)
- Sedation and premedication (Non-Boxers)
- Sedation and premedication (Non-Boxers)
- Sedation and premedication (Boxers)
- As a tranquilizer
- Sedation
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Hypotension and cardiovascular collapse
- Bradycardia (vagally mediated) or reflex tachycardia
- Hypothermia or hyperthermia
- Penile protrusion/prolapse in large animals (especially stallions)
- Prolapse of the membrana nictitans (third eyelid)
- Decreased tear production (especially in cats)
- Paradoxical excitement, restlessness, or aggression
- Transient pain at IM injection sites
- Decreased hematocrit (due to splenic sequestration of RBCs)
注意事項與禁忌
- Significant cardiac disease
- Hypovolemia, hypotension, or shock
- Tetanus or strychnine intoxication
- Intra-arterial injection in horses (can cause severe CNS excitement, seizures, death)
- Use with extreme caution in very young, geriatric, or debilitated animals
- Avoid in racing animals within 4 days of a race
- **Dosage Adjustments:** The manufacturer's labeled dose is often considered up to 10 times higher than clinically necessary. Use lower end of dose ranges. **Breed Sensitivities:** * **MDR1 Mutation:** Dogs with the MDR1 (ABCB1) mutation (Collies, Australian Shepherds, etc.) require a 25% dose reduction if heterozygous, and a 30-50% reduction if homozygous. * **Giant Breeds & Sight Hounds:** Extremely sensitive; require lower doses. * **Terriers:** May be somewhat resistant to effects. **Administration:** Give IV injections slowly. Allow at least 15 minutes for onset of action. **Never inject intra-arterially** in horses. **Behavioral:** Use cautiously as a restraining agent in aggressive dogs; it may make the animal more prone to startle and react to noises. **Other:** May cause regurgitation of ruminal contents in cattle during general anesthesia induction.
藥物相互作用
- Acetaminophen: Possible increased risk for hypothermia
- Antacids: May cause reduced GI absorption of oral phenothiazines
- Antidiarrheal mixtures (Kaolin/pectin, bismuth): May cause reduced GI absorption of oral phenothiazines
- CNS Depressant Agents (barbiturates, narcotics, anesthetics): May cause additive CNS depression if used with acepromazine
- Dopamine: Acepromazine may impair the vasopressive action of dopamine
- Emetics: Acepromazine may reduce the effectiveness of emetics
- Epinephrine, Ephedrine: Concomitant use can lead to unopposed beta-activity causing vasodilation and increased cardiac rate (epinephrine reversal)
- Metoclopramide: May increase risks for extrapyramidal adverse effects
- Opiates: May enhance hypotensive effects; dosages of acepromazine are generally reduced when used with an opiate
- Organophosphate Agents: Effects may be potentiated; do not give within one month of worming with these agents
常見問題
Acepromazine用於寵物有甚麼用途？
* **Urine Discoloration:** This medication may temporarily discolor your pet's urine to a pink or red-brown color; this is a normal side effect and is not a cause for alarm. * **Not a Pain Reliever:** Acepromazine provides sedation but **does not relieve pain**. If your pet is undergoing a painful procedure, other medications will be needed. * **Keep Environment Quiet:** Even though your pet looks sleepy, they can still be startled by loud noises or sudden movements and may react unpredictably. Keep them in a quiet, calm environment while the drug wears off. * **Third Eyelid:** You may notice your pet's "third eyelid" (a membrane in the inner corner of the eye) covering part of the eye. This is normal and will resolve as the medication wears off. * **Regulatory:** FDA-approved for use in dogs, cats, and horses not intended for food.
Acepromazine對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。