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Giardiasis

Giardia spp.

Juga dikenal sebagai: Giardia infection

CatDogUrgensi: LowSeberapa umum: Common

Singkatnya

Giardiasis is a common gastrointestinal infection in dogs and cats caused by the microscopic parasite Giardia. It primarily causes diarrhea, weight loss, and occasional vomiting. While highly treatable, the parasite can be persistent in the environment, requiring a combination of medical treatment and strict hygiene to eliminate.

Microscopic life cycle of Giardia parasite from environmental cyst to active intestinal trophozoite.
The life cycle of Giardia involves a hardy, infective cyst stage in the environment and an active, reproducing trophozoite stage in the pet's small intestine.

TL;DR. Infeksi protozoa usus halus yang umum dan dapat diobati dengan diare dan penurunan berat badan; butuh obat plus kebersihan lingkungan ketat.

Siklus: kista tahan di lingkungan, trofozoit aktif di usus halus.

Apa itu?

Giardia spp.: protozoa berflagela. Kista tertelan; trofozoit menempel di enterosit, mengganggu absorpsi, menyebabkan diare encer/berlemak dan malabsorpsi.

Penyebab dan faktor risiko

Fekal-oral lewat air, tanah, bulu, atau benda. Risiko tinggi di kennel, taman, penitipan. Anak dan imunokompromais lebih sering sakit. Tidak ada predisposisi ras.

Tanda

  • Diare (kardinal): lunak, encer, atau berlemak, bau, sering berlendir; akut, kronis, atau intermiten
  • Penurunan berat (umum) meski nafsu makan
  • Muntah, bulu kusam, dehidrasi (kadang)

A veterinary fecal sample container next to a microscope in a clinical laboratory setting.
Kista dikeluarkan intermiten; perlu feses segar.

Diagnosis

Flotasi feses dengan sentrifugasi (seng sulfat), ELISA feses (antigen), apusan segar (trofozoit bergerak). Sampel gabungan beberapa hari meningkatkan deteksi.

Medical diagram of a dog's small intestine showing Giardia parasites attaching to the mucosal wall.
Trofozoit memblokir absorpsi nutrisi.

Pengobatan

Fenbendazole dan/atau Metronidazole oral. Diet mudah cerna, probiotik. Mandikan di akhir terapi; desinfeksi lingkungan; segera buang feses.

Prognosis

Sangat baik; kambuh biasanya reinfection dari lingkungan.

Pencegahan

Air bersih; hindari genangan; buang feses; cuci tangan; periksa feses pada hewan berisiko.

Kapan menelepon dokter hewan

Diare >24–48 jam atau penurunan berat. Darurat: kelemahan ekstrem, menolak makan/minum, muntah hebat, gusi lengket, darah di feses.

Sumber

  • Standard veterinary gastroenterology and parasitology protocols.

My highlights & notes

Tanda & gejala

Cara didiagnosis

  • Immunofluorescence Assay (IFA)Standar emas
  • Direct fecal smear (wet mount)
  • Duodenal wash or mucosal cytology
  • Fecal ELISA (e.g., SNAP Giardia Test)
  • PCR
  • Response to treatment
  • Zinc sulfate centrifugal fecal flotation

Pendekatan pengobatan

Pengobatan harus diresepkan dokter hewan berlisensi. Dosis spesifik sengaja tidak ditampilkan.

Pertanyaan umum

What is Giardiasis?

Giardiasis is a common gastrointestinal infection in dogs and cats caused by the microscopic parasite Giardia. It primarily causes diarrhea, weight loss, and occasional vomiting. While highly treatable, the parasite can be persistent in the environment, requiring a combination of medical treatment and strict hygiene to eliminate.

What are the symptoms of Giardiasis?

Diarrhoea、Weight loss (getting thinner)、Vomiting (throwing up)

How is Giardiasis diagnosed?

Immunofluorescence Assay (IFA)、Direct fecal smear (wet mount)、Duodenal wash or mucosal cytology、Fecal ELISA (e.g., SNAP Giardia Test)、PCR、Response to treatment

How is Giardiasis treated?

Pengobatan harus diresepkan dokter hewan berlisensi. Dosis spesifik sengaja tidak ditampilkan.

Sumber

  1. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 503
  2. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 502
  3. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1425
  4. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 1425
  5. Internal Medicine 5th · p. 426

Artikel ini edukasi umum, bukan pengganti saran dokter hewan. Jika hewan sakit, konsultasikan dokter hewan.

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