碳酸氫鈉
別名: Baking soda, Neut, Zegerid
藥物類別: Alkalinizing Agent / Electrolyte Supplement
**碳酸氫鈉**（俗稱小蘇打）在醫學上用於降低寵物血液或尿液的酸度。 - **給藥方式**：如果給予口服錠劑或粉末，請嚴格遵循獸醫師的劑量指示。**請勿使用家用小蘇打粉替代**，除非獸醫師特別指示，因為劑量可能不精確且具潛在危險。 - **與其他藥物的間隔**：請盡可能與其他口服藥物間隔 **12 小時**給予，因為它會改變胃酸濃度，嚴重影響其他藥物的吸收。 - **監測**：您的獸醫師可能需要定期檢查寵物的血液或尿液 pH 值，以確保劑量正確且安全。 - **需注意的副作用**：觀察是否有體液滯留的跡象（如呼吸急促、咳嗽或水腫）、肌肉抽搐或虛弱。如果您發現任何異常行為或症狀，請立即聯繫您的獸醫師。
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
Veterinary professional? See the full dosing-by-species reference on VetSheet →
用途
- Acidosis (Ruminants)
- Acidosis (Ruminants)
- Severe metabolic acidosis
- Metabolic acidosis secondary to uremia
- Adjunctive therapy of diabetic ketoacidosis
- Adjunctive treatment of hypercalcemic crisis
- Adjunctive therapy for hyperkalemic crises
- To alkalinize the urine
- Acidosis
- Severely dehydrated acidotic calves
- Metabolic acidosis (associated with colic)
- Metabolic acidosis
- Severe metabolic acidosis
- Metabolic acidosis secondary to uremia
- Adjunctive therapy of diabetic ketoacidosis
- Adjunctive treatment of hypercalcemic crisis
- Adjunctive therapy for hyperkalemic crises
- To alkalinize the urine
- Dissolution and/or prevention of urate urolithiasis
給藥方式
IVPOSC
可能的副作用
- Metabolic alkalosis
- Hypokalemia
- Hypocalcemia
- 'Overshoot' alkalosis
- Hypernatremia
- Volume overload
- Congestive heart failure
- Shifts in the oxygen dissociation curve (decreased tissue oxygenation)
- Paradoxical CNS acidosis leading to respiratory arrest
- Hypercapnia (if not well ventilated during CPR)
- Predisposition to ventricular fibrillation
- Hypernatraemia
- Congestive heart failure (due to sodium load)
- Decreased tissue oxygenation (shift in oxygen dissociation curve)
- Paradoxical CNS acidosis
- Respiratory arrest
注意事項與禁忌
- Metabolic or respiratory alkalosis
- Excessive chloride loss secondary to vomiting or GI suction
- Patients at risk for development of diuretic-induced hypochloremic alkalosis
- Hypocalcemia (alkalosis may induce tetany)
- Hypoventilating patients
- Hypercapnoeic patients
- Animals unable to effectively expel carbon dioxide
- **Extreme Caution**: Use with extreme caution and give very slowly in patients with hypocalcemia to avoid inducing tetany. **Caution**: Because of the potential sodium load, use with caution in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF), nephrotic syndrome, hypertension, oliguria, acute renal failure, or volume overload. **Ventilation**: When used during CPR, ensure the patient is well ventilated to prevent hypercapnia and paradoxical CNS acidosis.
藥物相互作用
- Anticholinergic agents: Concomitant oral sodium bicarbonate may reduce absorption; administer separately
- Azole antifungals (ketoconazole, itraconazole): Concomitant oral sodium bicarbonate may reduce absorption; administer separately
- Ciprofloxacin, Enrofloxacin: Solubility is decreased in an alkaline environment; monitor for signs of crystalluria
- Corticosteroids: Patients receiving high dosages of sodium bicarbonate and ACTH or glucocorticoids may develop hypernatremia
- Diuretics (e.g., thiazides, furosemide): Concurrent use in patients receiving potassium-wasting diuretics may cause hypochloremic alkalosis
- Ephedrine: When urine is alkalinized, excretion may be decreased
- Histamine2 blocking agents (e.g., cimetidine, ranitidine): Concomitant oral sodium bicarbonate may reduce absorption; administer separately
- Iron products: Concomitant oral sodium bicarbonate may reduce absorption; administer separately
- Oral medications (general): Can increase or reduce absorption rate/extent; avoid giving other drugs within 12 hours of oral sodium bicarbonate
- Quinidine: When urine is alkalinized, excretion may be decreased
- Salicylates: When urine is alkalinized, excretion of weakly acidic drugs may be increased
- Sucralfate: Oral sodium bicarbonate may reduce efficacy if administered concurrently
- Tetracyclines: Concomitant oral sodium bicarbonate may reduce absorption; administer separately
- Calcium salts: Incompatible in solution; do not mix unless checked beforehand (risk of precipitation)
- Sympathomimetic drugs: Decreased excretion due to alkalinization of the urine
- Aspirin: Increased excretion due to alkalinization of the urine
- Phenobarbital: Increased excretion due to alkalinization of the urine
- Tetracyclines (especially doxycycline): Increased excretion due to alkalinization of the urine
常見問題
碳酸氫鈉用於寵物有什麼用途？
碳酸氫鈉（俗稱小蘇打）在醫學上用於降低寵物血液或尿液的酸度。 - 給藥方式：如果給予口服錠劑或粉末，請嚴格遵循獸醫師的劑量指示。請勿使用家用小蘇打粉替代，除非獸醫師特別指示，因為劑量可能不精確且具潛在危險。 - 與其他藥物的間隔：請盡可能與其他口服藥物間隔 12 小時給予，因為它會改變胃酸濃度，嚴重影響其他藥物的吸收。 - 監測：您的獸醫師可能需要定期檢查寵物的血液或尿液 pH 值，以確保劑量正確且安全。 - 需注意的副作用：觀察是否有體液滯留的跡象（如呼吸急促、咳嗽或水腫）、肌肉抽搐或虛弱。如果您發現任何異常行為或症狀，請立即聯繫您的獸醫師。
碳酸氫鈉對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。