頭孢呋辛

用途

• Soft tissue infections
• Systemic infections
• Meningitis
• Surgery prophylaxis
• Surgical prophylaxis
• Susceptible infections
• Surgical prophylaxis
• Susceptible infections

給藥方式

可能的副作用

• Inappetence
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Injection site inflammation (IV use)
• Eosinophilia
• Hypersensitivity reactions (including anaphylaxis)
• Neurologic effects (hearing loss, seizures - rare)
• Pseudomembranous colitis (rare)
• Serious dermatologic reactions (TEN, Stevens-Johnson syndrome - rare)
• Hematologic effects (pancytopenia, thrombocytopenia - rare)
• Interstitial nephritis (rare)

注意事項與禁忌

• Known hypersensitivity to cefuroxime or other cephalosporins
• > **Renal Impairment**: Dosage adjustment is recommended in patients with severe renal impairment, as the drug is primarily excreted unchanged in the urine. * **Laboratory Interference**: May cause false-positive urine glucose determinations when using the copper reduction method (Benedict's, Fehling's, Clinitest). Tests utilizing glucose oxidase are unaffected. * **Coombs' Test**: Cephalosporins have caused false-positive direct Coombs' tests in humans, particularly those with azotemia. * **Nursing Mothers**: Enters maternal milk in low concentrations; potential for altering gut flora of nursing offspring.

藥物相互作用

• Aminoglycosides: Potential for increased risk of nephrotoxicity; monitor renal function. However, may have synergistic or additive actions against some gram-negative bacteria (Enterobacteriaceae).
• Furosemide: Possible increased risk of nephrotoxicity.
• Torsemide: Possible increased risk of nephrotoxicity.
• Probenecid: Reduced renal excretion of cephalosporins, potentially increasing serum levels.
• Oxytetracycline: Bacteriostatic agents may antagonize the bactericidal activity of cefuroxime.
• Erythromycin: Bacteriostatic agents may antagonize the bactericidal activity of cefuroxime.
• Amphotericin B: Increased risk of nephrotoxicity; monitor renal function.

常見問題