骨化三醇

用途

• To suppress secondary hyperparathyroidism in CRF
• Long-term maintenance in animals with hypoparathyroidism
• To suppress secondary hyperparathyroidism in CRF
• Subacute and chronic maintenance treatment of hypocalcemia
• Long-term maintenance in animals with hypoparathyroidism
• Primary idiopathic seborrhea (especially in spaniel breeds)

給藥方式

可能的副作用

• Hypercalcemia
• Hypercalciuria
• Hyperphosphatemia
• Polydipsia
• Polyuria
• Anorexia
• Tissue mineralization (if given with hyperphosphatemia)

注意事項與禁忌

• Hypercalcemia
• Hyperphosphatemia (Calcium x Phosphorus product > 70)
• Vitamin D toxicity
• Malabsorption syndromes
• Abnormal sensitivity to vitamin D effects
• Use with extreme caution in patients with hyperphosphatemia; calcium and phosphorus levels should be in the low-normal range before beginning treatment to prevent soft tissue mineralization. Use with caution in animals susceptible to calcium oxalate uroliths due to the risk of hypercalciuria. Calcitriol is teratogenic at high doses (FDA Category C). Serum cholesterol levels may be falsely elevated by vitamin D analogs when using the Zlatkis-Zak reaction.

藥物相互作用

• Calcium-containing phosphorus binding agents (e.g., calcium carbonate): Use with calcitriol may induce hypercalcemia.
• Corticosteroids: Can nullify the effects of vitamin D analogs.
• Digoxin: Patients are highly sensitive to the arrhythmogenic effects of hypercalcemia; intensified monitoring is required.
• Verapamil: Patients are sensitive to the effects of hypercalcemia; intensified monitoring is required.
• Phenytoin, Barbiturates, Primidone: May induce hepatic enzyme systems and increase the metabolism of Vitamin D analogs, thus decreasing their activity.
• Thiazide diuretics: May cause hypercalcemia when given in conjunction with Vitamin D analogs.

常見問題