華法林鈉
別名: Coumadin, Jantoven, Panwarfin
藥物類別: Anticoagulant - Coumarin Derivative
請務必嚴格按照獸醫指示的劑量給藥，切勿自行更改劑量。若發現任何出血跡象（如牙齦蒼白、異常瘀傷、流鼻血、血尿、黑便或血便、突然虛弱），請立即聯繫獸醫。為防止外傷引發嚴重出血，服用此藥的寵物（尤其是貓咪）應盡量留在室內並避免劇烈活動。未經獸醫同意，請勿給寵物服用任何新藥物或保健品。
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
Veterinary professional? See the full dosing-by-species reference on VetSheet →
用途
- Adjunctive maintenance therapy for venous thrombosis with or without pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE)
- Maintenance therapy for feline arterial thromboembolism
- Long-term thromboprophylaxis
- Adjunctive therapy of thromboembolism
- Cardiogenic arterial thromboembolism
- Adjunctive treatment of laminitis
- Anticoagulant
- Adjunctive maintenance therapy for venous thrombosis with or without pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE)
- Adjunctive therapy of thromboemboli
- Prophylactic use in patients with glomerular disease and severe proteinuria
給藥方式
POIV
可能的副作用
- Dose-related hemorrhage (primary adverse effect)
- Anemia
- Thrombocytopenia
- Weakness
- Hematomas and ecchymoses
- Epistaxis (nosebleeds)
- Hematemesis (vomiting blood)
- Hematuria (blood in urine)
- Melena (dark, tarry stools)
- Hematochezia (fresh blood in stools)
- Hemarthrosis (bleeding into joints)
- Hemothorax
- Intracranial hemorrhage
- Pericardial hemorrhage
- Death
注意事項與禁忌
- Preexistent hemorrhagic tendencies or diseases
- Patients undergoing or contemplating eye or CNS surgery
- Major regional lumbar block anesthesia
- Surgery of large, open surfaces
- Active bleeding from the GI, respiratory, or GU tract
- Aneurysm
- Acute nephritis
- Cerebrovascular hemorrhage
- Blood dyscrasias
- Uncontrolled or malignant hypertension
- Hepatic insufficiency
- Pericardial effusion
- Pregnancy (Teratogenic - FDA Category X / Papich Class D)
- Visceral carcinomas
- > **Strict Monitoring Required:** Warfarin has a narrow therapeutic index. Frequent monitoring of coagulation status (PT/INR) is mandatory to prevent fatal hemorrhage. * **Teratogenicity:** Warfarin is embryotoxic and causes congenital malformations. It is strictly contraindicated in pregnancy. Low-dose heparin is preferred if anticoagulation is required during pregnancy. * **Nursing:** Use with caution in nursing patients; prolonged prothrombin times have been reported in some breast-fed human infants. * **Dietary Changes:** Sudden changes in diet (especially foods high in Vitamin K) can alter the efficacy of warfarin. * **Laboratory Interference:** May cause falsely decreased theophylline values if using the Schack and Waxler ultraviolet method.
藥物相互作用
- Acetaminophen, NSAIDs, Salicylates: May increase anticoagulant response (via protein displacement or platelet inhibition); increases bleeding risk.
- Fluoroquinolones, Macrolides (Azithromycin, Erythromycin), Chloramphenicol, Sulfonamides, Co-trimoxazole: May increase anticoagulant response (often via inhibition of hepatic metabolism).
- Cimetidine, Cisapride, Fluoxetine, Metronidazole, Sertraline: May increase anticoagulant response.
- Amiodarone, Allopurinol, Danazol, Diazoxide, Ethacrynic acid, Pentoxifylline, Propylthiouracil, Quinidine, Zafirlukast: May increase anticoagulant response.
- Anabolic Steroids, Thyroid Medications: May increase anticoagulant response.
- Heparin: Increases anticoagulant response; often used concurrently during the initial overlap phase but requires careful monitoring.
- Barbiturates (e.g., Phenobarbital), Rifampin, Griseofulvin: May decrease anticoagulant response (via induction of hepatic metabolizing enzymes).
- Corticosteroids, Estrogens, Mercaptopurine, Spironolactone, Sucralfate: May decrease anticoagulant response.
- Vitamin K: Directly antagonizes warfarin, decreasing its anticoagulant response (used as an antidote for overdose).
常見問題
華法林鈉用於寵物有甚麼用途？
請務必嚴格按照獸醫指示的劑量給藥，切勿自行更改劑量。若發現任何出血跡象（如牙齦蒼白、異常瘀傷、流鼻血、血尿、黑便或血便、突然虛弱），請立即聯繫獸醫。為防止外傷引發嚴重出血，服用此藥的寵物（尤其是貓咪）應盡量留在室內並避免劇烈活動。未經獸醫同意，請勿給寵物服用任何新藥物或保健品。
華法林鈉對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。