去氧腎上腺素
別名: Neo-Synephrine, AH-chew D, Little Colds Decongestant, Lusonal, Nasop, Sudogest PE, Sudafed PE, Pedia Care Children's Decongestant, Triaminic Thin Strips Cold, Minims Phenylephrine
- **醫院使用**：注射用去氧腎上腺素是一種強效的心血管藥物，只能由獸醫專業人員在具備連續血壓和心電圖監測條件的臨床環境中使用。 - **口服產品**：含有去氧腎上腺素的人用非處方感冒藥，在未經獸醫明確指示下，**絕對不可**給寵物服用。這些藥物通常含有其他有毒成分（如普拿疼或去充血劑），可能導致嘔吐、過度活躍或心率異常。 - **意外誤食**：如果您的寵物意外誤食含有去氧腎上腺素的產品，請立即聯繫您的獸醫或動物毒物控制中心。
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
Veterinary professional? See the full dosing-by-species reference on VetSheet →
用途
- To increase blood pressure by vasoconstriction in pronounced systemic vasodilation or when increasing myocardial contractility is disadvantageous (e.g., hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)
- As a constant rate infusion for profound vasodilation due to septic shock
- As a vasopressor in catastrophic stages of hypovolemic shock
- As a CRI to increase peripheral vascular resistance and mean arterial blood pressure
- Diagnosis of Horner's syndrome (denervation hypersensitivity)
- General use
- As a CRI to increase peripheral vascular resistance and mean arterial blood pressure
- As a constant rate infusion for profound vasodilation due to septic shock
- As a vasopressor in catastrophic stages of hypovolemic shock
- Diagnosis of Horner's syndrome (denervation hypersensitivity)
- Hypotension secondary to drugs or vascular failure
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Reflex bradycardia
- CNS effects (excitement, restlessness, headache)
- Arrhythmias (rare)
- Severe extravasation injuries (tissue necrosis and sloughing)
- Hypertension
- Tachycardia
- Tissue necrosis and sloughing (if IV extravasation occurs)
注意事項與禁忌
- Severe hypertension
- Ventricular tachycardia
- Hypersensitivity to phenylephrine
- Do not apply topically once ophthalmic surgery has started (to avoid direct arterial absorption)
- > **WARNING**: Extravasation injuries with phenylephrine can be very serious, leading to necrosis and sloughing of surrounding tissue. IV sites must be routinely monitored. If extravasation occurs, infiltrate the ischemic area with 5-10 mg phentolamine in 10-15 mL of normal saline using a fine needle. - **Extreme Caution**: Use carefully in geriatric patients, and those with hyperthyroidism, bradycardia, partial heart block, or other heart disease. - **Not a Substitute for Fluids**: Phenylephrine is not a replacement for adequate volume therapy in patients with shock; hypovolemia must be corrected first. - **Pregnancy**: FDA Category C. Can cause contraction of the pregnant uterus and constriction of uterine blood vessels. Use with caution.
藥物相互作用
- Alpha-Adrenergic Blockers (phentolamine, phenothiazines, phenoxybenzamine): Higher dosages of phenylephrine may be required to attain a pressor effect if these agents have been used prior to therapy.
- Anesthetics, General (halogenated): Potentially may induce cardiac arrhythmias when used with halothane anesthesia.
- Atropine (and other anticholinergics): Block the reflex bradycardia caused by phenylephrine.
- Beta-Adrenergic Blockers: The cardiostimulatory effects of phenylephrine (seen at high doses) can be blocked.
- Digoxin: Use with phenylephrine may cause increased myocardium sensitization.
- Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) Inhibitors (e.g., amitraz, selegiline): Should not be used with phenylephrine because of a pronounced pressor effect.
- Oxytocin: When used concurrently with oxytocic agents, pressor effects may be enhanced.
- Sympathomimetic Agents (epinephrine): Tachycardia and serious arrhythmias are possible.
- Volatile anaesthetic agents: Increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias
- Oxytocic agents: Enhanced pressor effects leading to severe hypertension
常見問題
去氧腎上腺素用於寵物有甚麼用途？
- 醫院使用：注射用去氧腎上腺素是一種強效的心血管藥物，只能由獸醫專業人員在具備連續血壓和心電圖監測條件的臨床環境中使用。 - 口服產品：含有去氧腎上腺素的人用非處方感冒藥，在未經獸醫明確指示下，絕對不可給寵物服用。這些藥物通常含有其他有毒成分（如普拿疼或去充血劑），可能導致嘔吐、過度活躍或心率異常。 - 意外誤食：如果您的寵物意外誤食含有去氧腎上腺素的產品，請立即聯繫您的獸醫或動物毒物控制中心。
去氧腎上腺素對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。