Minocycline
別名: Minocin, Dynacin, Solodyn, Myrac, Arestin, Aknemin
> **Important:** Give this medication exactly as prescribed for the entire duration recommended by your veterinarian, even if your pet appears completely well. Stopping early can lead to resistant infections. - **Administration:** Can be given with or without food. If it causes stomach upset (nausea or vomiting), giving it with a small meal often helps alleviate these effects. - **Dairy Products:** Unlike older tetracyclines, milk or other dairy products do not significantly alter the amount of minocycline absorbed. - **Side Effects:** Watch for vomiting, diarrhea, or loss of appetite. Contact your veterinarian if these are severe or persistent. - **Storage:** Keep oral medications at room temperature in a tightly closed container. Do not freeze the liquid suspension.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Hemotropic mycoplasmosis
- Adjunctive treatment atypical mycobacterial dermal infections
- Adjunctive treatment of Nocardiosis, Actinomycosis
- Susceptible mycobacterial, L-Forms, or mycoplasma infections
- Bacterial, rickettsial, mycoplasmal and chlamydial diseases
- Susceptible soft tissue and urinary tract infections
- Brucellosis
- Adjunctive treatment of Nocardiosis, Actinomycosis
- Brucellosis in animals that are housed singly and neutered
- Ehrlichiosis (E. canis)
- Bacterial, rickettsial, mycoplasmal and chlamydial diseases
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Nausea and vomiting (most common)
- Dental or bone staining (if exposed in utero or early life)
- Increases in hepatic enzymes (rare)
- Ototoxicity (rare)
- Urticaria, shivering, hypotension, dyspnea, cardiac arrhythmias, and shock (if given rapidly IV)
- Superinfections (overgrowth of non-susceptible bacteria or fungi)
- Photosensitivity (reported in humans)
- Hepatotoxicity or blood dyscrasias (rare, reported in humans)
- CNS effects like dizziness/lightheadedness (reported in humans)
- Blue-gray pigmentation of skin and mucous membranes (reported in humans)
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhoea
注意事項與禁忌
- Hypersensitivity to tetracyclines
- Pregnant or nursing animals
- Animals less than 6 months old (relative contraindication)
- Pregnancy
- Young, developing animals
- > **Intravenous Administration:** Give IV injections slowly. Rapid IV injection in dogs has caused urticaria, shivering, hypotension, dyspnea, arrhythmias, and shock. - **Renal Impairment:** Can be used in moderate renal insufficiency without dosage adjustment, but oliguric renal failure may require adjustment. - **Pregnancy/Nursing:** Avoid use during pregnancy unless benefits outweigh fetal risks (can retard fetal skeletal development and discolor deciduous teeth). Avoid during nursing as it is excreted in milk. - **Laboratory Interference:** Can cause false-positive urine glucose results (cupric sulfate method) or false-negative results (glucose oxidase method).
藥物相互作用
- Antacids, Oral (Aluminum, Calcium, Magnesium, Zinc, Bismuth): Can chelate divalent or trivalent cations, decreasing absorption of the tetracycline. Give at least 12 hours before or after the cation-containing product.
- Bismuth subsalicylate, Kaolin, Pectin: May reduce minocycline absorption.
- Iron, Oral: Decreased tetracycline absorption. Give iron salts 3 hours before or 2 hours after the tetracycline dose.
- Isotretinoin: May increase the risk for nervous system effects when used concurrently.
- Penicillins, Cephalosporins, Aminoglycosides: Bacteriostatic drugs may interfere with the bactericidal activity of these antibiotics (clinical significance is controversial).
- Warfarin: Tetracyclines may depress plasma prothrombin activity; anticoagulant dosage adjustment may be needed.
- Antacids: Reduced absorption of minocycline
- Calcium salts: Reduced absorption of minocycline
- Magnesium salts: Reduced absorption of minocycline
- Iron salts: Reduced absorption of minocycline
常見問題
Minocycline用於寵物有甚麼用途？
> **Important:** Give this medication exactly as prescribed for the entire duration recommended by your veterinarian, even if your pet appears completely well. Stopping early can lead to resistant infections. - **Administration:** Can be given with or without food. If it causes stomach upset (nausea or vomiting), giving it with a small meal often helps alleviate these effects. - **Dairy Products:** Unlike older tetracyclines, milk or other dairy products do not significantly alter the amount of minocycline absorbed. - **Side Effects:** Watch for vomiting, diarrhea, or loss of appetite. Contact your veterinarian if these are severe or persistent. - **Storage:** Keep oral medications at room temperature in a tightly closed container. Do not freeze the liquid suspension.
Minocycline對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。