Mechlorethamine
別名: Mustargen, Caryolysine, Onco-Cloramin
> **Important Safety Warning:** Mechlorethamine is a potent chemotherapy drug. Pregnant women, nursing mothers, and children should **not** handle this medication or clean up the pet's waste (urine, feces, vomit) for at least 48-72 hours after treatment. * **Monitor the Injection Site:** This drug can cause severe tissue damage if it leaks out of the vein. Check the IV site daily. If you notice any redness, swelling, pain, or licking at the site, contact your veterinarian immediately. * **Gastrointestinal Upset:** Nausea and vomiting are common. Your veterinarian may prescribe anti-nausea medications to help keep your pet comfortable. * **Infection Risk:** This drug lowers white blood cell counts, making your pet more susceptible to infections. Keep them away from sick animals and monitor for signs of illness, such as lethargy or fever. * **Nursing Pets:** If a nursing mother is receiving this drug, puppies or kittens must be switched to a milk replacer.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Lymphoma rescue (MOPP protocol)
- Lymphoma rescue (MOPP protocol)
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Bone marrow depression (leukopenia, thrombocytopenia)
- Vomiting
- Nausea
- Ototoxicity (with high doses or regional perfusion)
- Alopecia
- Hyperuricemia
- Hepatotoxicity
- Peripheral neuropathy
- GI ulcers
- Severe tissue sloughing (if extravasated)
注意事項與禁忌
- Known infection
- Prior anaphylactic reaction to mechlorethamine
- Pregnancy (Category D teratogen)
- Anemia (relative)
- Bone marrow depression (relative)
- Tumor cell infiltration into bone marrow (relative)
- Patients who have received previous extensive chemotherapy or radiotherapy (relative)
- **Extravasation Risk:** Mechlorethamine is a potent vesicant. Extravasation will cause severe tissue necrosis and sloughing. Ensure a perfectly placed, clean IV catheter before administration. **Hazardous Drug:** This is a highly toxic antineoplastic agent. Strict hazardous drug handling protocols (gloves, gowns, biologic safety cabinet, closed-system transfer devices) must be utilized to protect veterinary personnel. **Teratogenicity:** It is a known teratogen and can suppress gonadal function. Pregnant women should absolutely avoid handling this drug or the patient's waste. **Hyperuricemia:** May raise serum uric acid levels; allopurinol may be required in susceptible patients.
藥物相互作用
- Immunosuppressant drugs (e.g., azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids): May increase the risk of severe infection.
- Myelosuppressive drugs (e.g., chloramphenicol, flucytosine, amphotericin B, colchicine): Additive bone marrow depression; use with extreme caution.
- Live vaccines: Increased risk of vaccine-induced infection or decreased vaccine efficacy; use with caution or avoid.
常見問題
Mechlorethamine用於寵物有甚麼用途？
> **Important Safety Warning:** Mechlorethamine is a potent chemotherapy drug. Pregnant women, nursing mothers, and children should **not** handle this medication or clean up the pet's waste (urine, feces, vomit) for at least 48-72 hours after treatment. * **Monitor the Injection Site:** This drug can cause severe tissue damage if it leaks out of the vein. Check the IV site daily. If you notice any redness, swelling, pain, or licking at the site, contact your veterinarian immediately. * **Gastrointestinal Upset:** Nausea and vomiting are common. Your veterinarian may prescribe anti-nausea medications to help keep your pet comfortable. * **Infection Risk:** This drug lowers white blood cell counts, making your pet more susceptible to infections. Keep them away from sick animals and monitor for signs of illness, such as lethargy or fever. * **Nursing Pets:** If a nursing mother is receiving this drug, puppies or kittens must be switched to a milk replacer.
Mechlorethamine對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。