二氮嗪
別名: Proglycem, Hyperstat IV, Eudemine, Glicemin, Hypertonalum, Proglicem, Sefulken, Tensuril
藥物類別: Direct Vasodilator / Hyperglycemic
- **用途**：本藥物用於預防由分泌胰島素的腫瘤（胰島素瘤）引起的危及生命的血糖下降。 - **給藥方式**：據報導該藥物非常苦。與食物一起給藥有助於掩蓋味道並減少嘔吐或腹瀉等胃腸道副作用。調劑藥局可能可以將其配製成無糖的調味液體。 - **監測**：密切觀察您的寵物是否有**高血糖**（過度口渴、排尿增加）或**低血糖**復發（虛弱、步態不穩、癲癇、嗜睡）的跡象。 - **副作用**：如果您發現異常出血、嚴重的嘔吐/腹瀉或腫脹（體液瀦留），請聯繫您的獸醫師。
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
Veterinary professional? See the full dosing-by-species reference on VetSheet →
用途
- Hypoglycemia secondary to insulin secreting islet cell tumors
- Hypoglycemia secondary to insulin secreting islet cell tumors
- Hypoglycemia secondary to insulin secreting islet cell tumors
- Hypoglycemia secondary to insulin secreting islet cell tumors (refractory)
- Adjunctive therapy of hypoglycemia secondary to insulin secreting non-islet cell (extra-pancreatic) tumors
給藥方式
POIV
可能的副作用
- Anorexia
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Hypersalivation
- Tachycardia
- Agranulocytosis
- Aplastic anemia
- Thrombocytopenia
- Diabetes mellitus
- Cataracts
- Sodium and water retention
- Malaise (ferrets)
- Bone marrow suppression (ferrets)
- Gastrointestinal upset (anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea)
- Hyperglycemia
- Cataracts (rare)
- Bone marrow suppression (rare)
注意事項與禁忌
- Functional hypoglycemia
- Hypoglycemia secondary to insulin overdosage in diabetic patients
- Hypersensitivity to thiazide diuretics (unless benefits outweigh risks)
- Hypersensitivity to thiazides
- Functional hypoglycemia (non-insulinoma)
- > **Caution**: Use with extreme care in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) or renal disease due to sodium and water retention properties. - **Hepatic Disease**: Adverse effects may be more pronounced in dogs with concurrent hepatic disease. - **Pregnancy**: FDA Category C; animal studies have shown adverse effects on the fetus. Use only if benefits outweigh risks. - **Laboratory Interference**: May cause a false-negative insulin response to the glucagon-stimulation test and displace bilirubin from plasma proteins.
藥物相互作用
- Alpha-adrenergic agents (e.g., phenoxybenzamine): May decrease the effectiveness of diazoxide in increasing glucose levels
- Hypotensive agents (e.g., hydralazine, prazosin): Diazoxide may enhance the hypotensive actions of other hypotensive agents
- Phenothiazines (e.g., acepromazine, chlorpromazine): May enhance the hyperglycemic effects of diazoxide
- Phenytoin: Diazoxide may increase the metabolism, or decrease the protein binding of phenytoin
- Thiazide diuretics (e.g., hydrochlorothiazide): May potentiate the hyperglycemic effects of oral diazoxide. Can be used synergistically, but caution is advised as hypotension may occur
- Thiazide diuretics: Potentiate hyperglycemic and hyperuricemic effects
- Phenothiazines: May potentiate hyperglycemia
- Alpha-adrenergic blockers: May antagonize the effects of diazoxide
- Highly protein-bound drugs (e.g., NSAIDs, warfarin): Diazoxide is highly protein-bound and may displace or be displaced by other drugs, altering free drug concentrations
常見問題
二氮嗪用於寵物有甚麼用途？
- 用途：本藥物用於預防由分泌胰島素的腫瘤（胰島素瘤）引起的危及生命的血糖下降。 - 給藥方式：據報導該藥物非常苦。與食物一起給藥有助於掩蓋味道並減少嘔吐或腹瀉等胃腸道副作用。調劑藥局可能可以將其配製成無糖的調味液體。 - 監測：密切觀察您的寵物是否有高血糖（過度口渴、排尿增加）或低血糖復發（虛弱、步態不穩、癲癇、嗜睡）的跡象。 - 副作用：如果您發現異常出血、嚴重的嘔吐/腹瀉或腫脹（體液瀦留），請聯繫您的獸醫師。
二氮嗪對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。