ペントバルビタール
別称: Nembutal, Dolethal, Euthanimal, Euthasal, Euthatal, Euthoxin, Lethobarb, Pentoject
薬の分類: Barbiturate Anesthetic / Sedative / Anticonvulsant
この薬は強力な鎮静薬および麻酔薬です。 * **院内での使用:** ほぼ例外なく、動物病院内で専門家の厳密な監督の下、多くの場合集中治療室で使用されます。 * **自宅での使用:** 自宅用に経口薬が処方された場合、**獣医師の用量指示を厳格に守ることが極めて重要です**。過剰投与は致命的となる可能性があります。 * **安全性:** この薬は安全で子供が開けにくい容器に保管し、子供や他のペットの手の届かない場所に完全に隔離してください。厳格に管理されている規制薬物です。
用量はペットの状態に応じて獣医師が決定します。獣医師の指導なしに人用医薬品や他のペットの処方薬を与えないでください。
Veterinary professional? See the full dosing-by-species reference on VetSheet →
使用用途
- For chemical restraint for ventilatory support
- As a sedative
- As a sedative
- For status epilepticus
- For status epilepticus
- For anesthesia
- Euthanasia
- General
- As an anesthetic
- As an anesthetic
- As an anesthetic (Adult Sheep)
- As an anesthetic (Lambs)
- General anesthesia
- Light anesthesia
- For chemical restraint (Mice)
- For chemical restraint (Rats)
- For chemical restraint (Hamsters/Gerbils)
- For chemical restraint (Guinea pig)
- For chemical restraint (Guinea pig)
- For chemical restraint (Rabbits)
- Chlorinated hydrocarbon toxicity
- As an anesthetic in calves (over one month of age)
- As a sedative (adult cow)
- As an anesthetic
- As an anesthetic
- As a sedative
- As a sedative
- For anesthesia
- For anesthesia
- For anesthesia
- For chemical restraint for ventilatory support
- For status epilepticus
- For status epilepticus
- Euthanasia
投与方法
IVPOIPITIC
考えられる副作用
- Profound respiratory depression (apnea)
- Depression of myocardial metabolism
- Vasodilation and decreased venous return
- Hypotension and decreased cardiac perfusion
- Poikilothermia (hypothermia)
- Decreased urinary output
- Seizure-like movements or excitement during recovery from anesthesia
- Excitement and injury during induction/recovery in large animals (especially horses)
- Narcotic excitement (if not premedicated)
- Agonal gasping (reflexive, not a sign of pain)
- Muscle twitching
- Vocalization (rare, usually associated with excitement phase)
注意事項と禁忌
- Severe hepatic impairment
- Severe respiratory depression or airway obstruction
- Porphyria
- Hypovolemia or severe cardiovascular instability (relative contraindication)
- Intramuscular (IM) administration (painful and slow to act)
- Use of euthanasia-specific solutions for seizure control or anesthesia
- > **Cardiopulmonary Depression:** Pentobarbital causes dose-dependent respiratory and cardiovascular depression. Patients in a 'barbiturate coma' commonly require mechanical ventilation and intensive care support (e.g., saline infusion and dopamine to manage hypotension). > **Individual Variation:** There is tremendous individual variation in response when used at standard safe doses. Always titrate to effect. > **Laboratory Interference:** Barbiturates may cause increased retention of bromosulfophthalein (BSP) and give falsely elevated results. Do not administer within 24 hours before BSP retention tests. * **Equine Use:** Generally not considered an ideal agent for adult horses due to the possible development of excitement and injury when the animal is 'knocked down'. * **Tissue Irritation:** Highly alkaline (pH 9-10.5); perivascular injection can cause severe tissue necrosis.
薬物相互作用
- Oral Anticoagulants (Warfarin): Decreased effect by lowering serum concentration (due to hepatic enzyme induction)
- Beta-blockers: Decreased effect by lowering serum concentration
- Chloramphenicol: Decreased effect by lowering serum concentration
- Clonazepam: Decreased effect by lowering serum concentration
- Corticosteroids: Decreased effect by lowering serum concentration
- Cyclosporine: Decreased effect by lowering serum concentration
- Doxorubicin: Decreased effect by lowering serum concentration
- Doxycycline: Decreased effect (may persist for weeks after barbiturate is discontinued)
- Estrogens: Decreased effect by lowering serum concentration
- Griseofulvin: Decreased effect by lowering serum concentration
- Methadone: Decreased effect by lowering serum concentration
- Metronidazole: Decreased effect by lowering serum concentration
- Quinidine: Decreased effect by lowering serum concentration
- Paroxetine: Decreased effect by lowering serum concentration
- Phenothiazines: Decreased effect by lowering serum concentration
- Progestins: Decreased effect by lowering serum concentration
- Theophylline: Decreased effect by lowering serum concentration
- Tricyclic Antidepressants: Decreased effect by lowering serum concentration
- Verapamil: Decreased effect by lowering serum concentration
- Antihistamines: Increase the CNS depressant effect of pentobarbital
- Opioids: Increase the CNS depressant effect of pentobarbital
よくある質問
ペントバルビタールはペットにどう使われていますか？
この薬は強力な鎮静薬および麻酔薬です。 • 院内での使用: ほぼ例外なく、動物病院内で専門家の厳密な監督の下、多くの場合集中治療室で使用されます。 • 自宅での使用: 自宅用に経口薬が処方された場合、獣医師の用量指示を厳格に守ることが極めて重要です。過剰投与は致命的となる可能性があります。 • 安全性: この薬は安全で子供が開けにくい容器に保管し、子供や他のペットの手の届かない場所に完全に隔離してください。厳格に管理されている規制薬物です。
ペントバルビタールはうちのペットに安全ですか？
用量はペットの状態に応じて獣医師が決定します。獣医師の指導なしに人用医薬品や他のペットの処方薬を与えないでください。
この記事は一般的な健康教育を目的としており、専門的な獣医学的アドバイスの代わりにはなりません。ペットが調子悪い場合は、獣医師にご相談ください。