Understanding Heart Health in the Maltese

Quick answer

The Maltese is a breed that may face specific cardiovascular challenges, most notably a condition called Patent Ductus Arteriosus. While this is a recognised tendency in the breed rather than a proven one, it is important for owners to remain vigilant. By observing your dog's daily habits, gum color, and breathing patterns, you can identify changes early and seek professional guidance before a situation becomes critical.

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Patent Ductus Arteriosus, or PDA, is a condition that is a recognised tendency in the breed. It is worth noting that females are more likely to have this condition than mixed-breed dogs. This is a recognised tendency in the breed, and how this passes down is not settled.

At home, you might notice your dog tiring more easily than usual during play or walks. You may also observe a persistent cough or difficulty catching their breath after minimal exertion. When you visit the clinic, the veterinarian will listen closely to your dog's chest with a stethoscope. A characteristic heart murmur is often the first sign that alerts a professional to the possibility of this condition. If a murmur is detected, the vet will likely recommend an echocardiogram, which is an ultrasound of the heart. This test allows the vet to visualize the blood flow and confirm if the ductus remains open when it should have closed.

Urgency is determined by the severity of the symptoms. If your dog is struggling to breathe, has blue-tinged gums, or collapses, this is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention. A common mistake owners make is waiting to see if a cough or lethargy resolves on its own, which can delay necessary diagnostic steps.

Maintaining a Healthy Baseline

Beyond specific heart conditions, your dog's daily care plays a vital role in their cardiovascular health. Keeping a close eye on their body condition score is essential, as excess weight forces the heart to work harder. You should be able to feel your dog's ribs without a thick layer of fat covering them.

Monitoring mobility is another key aspect of care. If your dog seems stiff or reluctant to move, it may be a sign of discomfort, but it can also be a secondary effect of fatigue caused by poor circulation. Always observe your dog's behavior baseline. You know your dog better than anyone else. If they suddenly become withdrawn, sleep more than usual, or stop greeting you at the door, these behavioral shifts are often the first clues that something internal is changing.

Finally, don't overlook the skin and coat. While this seems unrelated to the heart, a healthy coat is a sign of good overall nutrition and circulation. If you notice the coat becoming dull or the skin looking pale, it is worth discussing with your vet during your next visit.