Understanding Kidney and Urinary Health in the Keeshond

Quick answer

Keeshonds have a recognised tendency toward forming certain types of urinary stones, specifically calcium oxalate uroliths. This is often associated with an underlying issue involving the parathyroid glands which affects calcium levels in the blood and urine. Because these stones can cause painful blockages or infections, early detection through regular veterinary screening and monitoring your dog's bathroom habits is essential for their comfort.

Calcium Oxalate Urolithiasis

Calcium oxalate urolithiasis is a condition where hard, mineral-based stones form within the urinary tract. In the Keeshond, this is a recognised tendency rather than a proven one. These stones occur when there is an excess of calcium in the urine, which can crystallize and eventually clump together to form stones of varying sizes. This specific issue is often linked to a genetic predisposition for primary hyperparathyroidism, a condition where the parathyroid glands become overactive and release too much hormone, leading to elevated calcium levels in the blood and urine.

At home, you might notice your dog straining to urinate, producing only small amounts of urine frequently, or showing signs of discomfort during the process. You may also see blood in the urine, which can appear pink or dark red. Sometimes, a dog may start having accidents in the house, which is often a sign of urgency rather than a behavioral issue. Your vet will typically use an ultrasound or X-rays to visualize the bladder and kidneys to look for these stones. A urinalysis will be performed to check the concentration of minerals and to look for crystals, while blood work is necessary to evaluate the function of the parathyroid glands and overall calcium levels.

General Urolithiasis

Beyond the specific link to calcium oxalate, the Keeshond has a recognised tendency toward urolithiasis in general. This term refers to the formation of any type of stone within the urinary system. While calcium oxalate is the primary concern for the breed, any stone formation can lead to similar clinical signs, such as pain, obstruction, or recurring urinary tract infections. This is a recognised tendency in the breed, and it requires consistent vigilance from owners.

When you observe your dog, look for changes in their baseline behavior. A dog that is usually energetic but becomes lethargic, or one that hides or refuses to eat, may be experiencing pain from a urinary issue. Your vet will rely on your observations of the dog's urination habits to decide if further diagnostic imaging is required. If your dog is unable to pass urine at all, this is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention.