Understanding the Health and Care of Your Japanese Terrier

Quick answer

The Japanese Terrier is a lively and affectionate companion that thrives on human connection. While generally robust, they have specific health considerations related to their joints, teeth, eyes, and sensitivity to environmental extremes. By focusing on maintaining a lean body condition, providing consistent but short training sessions, and managing their exposure to harsh weather, you can help your dog live a long and comfortable life.

Patellar Luxation

Patellar luxation is a condition where the kneecap slips out of its normal position. This is a well recognised tendency in the breed. At home, you might notice your dog skipping steps, holding a leg up while walking, or occasionally kicking their leg out to try and pop the kneecap back into place. Your veterinarian will perform a physical manipulation of the knee to grade the severity of the movement. If your dog suddenly stops using a leg or shows signs of significant pain, this requires prompt attention. To help, ensure your home has good traction on slippery floors, as repeated slipping can exacerbate joint stress.

Dental Issues

Dental health is a significant concern for this breed. This is a recognised tendency in the breed. You may first notice bad breath, red or swollen gums, or difficulty chewing their food. Your vet will examine the mouth during routine checkups and may recommend dental X-rays to assess the health of the tooth roots. The most common mistake owners make is waiting for visible tartar buildup before starting a cleaning routine. Regular brushing at home is the most effective way to prevent the progression of periodontal disease.

Eye Conditions

Various eye conditions are associated with the Japanese Terrier. This is a recognised tendency rather than a proven one. Early signs to watch for include cloudiness in the eye, excessive tearing, squinting, or your dog bumping into furniture. Your veterinarian will use specialized tools like an ophthalmoscope to examine the internal and external structures of the eye. If you notice any sudden redness or discharge, it is important to have it checked quickly to prevent potential vision loss.

Sunburn Sensitivity

Due to their thin coat, Japanese Terriers are susceptible to sunburn. This is a well recognised tendency in the breed. You will notice this as reddened, peeling, or crusty skin, particularly on the ears, nose, or belly. If the skin becomes severely inflamed or develops sores, it can be quite painful. The best approach is prevention. Avoid direct sun exposure during peak hours and use pet-safe sunblock on exposed areas. Do not assume that because they are dogs, they are immune to UV damage.

Cold Stress

Just as they are sensitive to the heat, these dogs are also susceptible to cold stress because of their thin coat. This is a well recognised tendency in the breed. You may notice your dog shivering, tucking their tail, or refusing to go outside when the temperature drops. If your dog becomes lethargic or seems unable to warm up after being outside, this is a sign of distress. Always provide appropriate winter clothing for your dog and limit their time outdoors during freezing weather. How this passes down is not settled, but the physical reality of their coat type remains a constant factor for owners.