Understanding Digestive and Liver Health in the Havanese

Quick answer

The Havanese is a sturdy and cheerful breed, but they are known to have a recognised tendency toward a specific liver condition called a portosystemic shunt. This is a vascular abnormality where blood bypasses the liver, preventing it from properly filtering toxins from the body. Because this condition can manifest in subtle ways, owners should focus on regular physical monitoring and maintaining a detailed log of all dietary changes and health supplements to help their veterinarian identify issues as early as possible.

Portosystemic Shunt

A portosystemic shunt involves an abnormal connection between the portal vein and the systemic circulation. This bypass means that blood from the digestive tract does not flow through the liver for processing. Instead, it enters the general circulation directly, carrying toxins and waste products that the liver would normally remove. This is a recognised tendency in the breed, specifically regarding extrahepatic shunts. How this passes down is not settled, but it is a condition that requires careful management.

At home, you might notice that your Havanese appears smaller than littermates or fails to gain weight as expected. A common sign is a noticeable change in behavior after eating, such as lethargy, pacing, or even disorientation. Some owners report that their dog seems to act as if they are intoxicated or confused. You may also notice excessive drooling, vomiting, or increased thirst and urination. Because these signs can be intermittent, they are easy to overlook or attribute to simple stomach upset.

When you bring your dog to the clinic, the veterinarian will perform a physical examination and likely recommend blood work. They will look for elevated liver enzymes and specific changes in blood cell counts. To settle the diagnosis, the vet will use imaging techniques such as abdominal ultrasound or a specialized contrast study to visualize the abnormal blood vessel. Urgency is decided by the severity of the neurological signs. If your dog shows signs of collapse, seizures, or extreme lethargy, this is a medical emergency that requires immediate intervention.

Routine Home Monitoring

To keep your Havanese in the best possible health, you should establish a routine for home exams. A monthly exam for adults, or a weekly check for seniors, is the best way to catch changes before they become emergencies. During these checks, assess your dog's body condition score by feeling their ribs, which should be easily palpable without heavy pressure. Check the color of the gums, which should remain a consistent, healthy pink. Observe their breathing while they are resting; it should be quiet and rhythmic. Finally, keep a close eye on their skin and coat quality, as these are often the first indicators that internal health is suffering.

Always maintain a written list of preventives, diet changes, and new supplements. Many owners accidentally introduce a new treat or supplement without realizing it could interact with a liver condition. By keeping a log, you provide your vet with a clear history that can help them rule out or identify potential triggers for digestive or liver-related distress.