Understanding the health profile of the Chow Chow

Quick answer

The Chow Chow is a distinct breed with a specific set of health considerations that owners should monitor throughout their dog's life. By staying observant of changes in mobility, eye health, skin condition, and digestive habits, you can work effectively with your veterinarian to provide proactive care. Maintaining a lean body weight and consistent daily routines are the most effective ways to support your dog's overall health.

Cerebellar Hypoplasia

This condition involves congenital malformations of the cerebellum. This is a recognised tendency in the breed. Owners may first notice signs of uncoordinated movement, tremors, or difficulty with balance when the dog is still a puppy. A veterinarian will perform a neurological examination to assess motor function and coordination. An MRI is often the diagnostic tool used to confirm the presence of these malformations. Urgency is determined by the severity of the dog's mobility issues and their ability to navigate their environment safely.

Entropion

This is a condition where the eyelid rolls inward, causing the eyelashes to rub against the surface of the eye. This is a recognised tendency in the breed. You will likely notice your dog squinting, tearing excessively, or pawing at their eyes. The vet will perform a physical examination of the eyelids to confirm the diagnosis. If left untreated, this can lead to painful corneal ulcers. Surgery is typically required to correct the eyelid position and prevent long-term damage to the eye.

Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency

In this condition, the pancreas fails to produce the enzymes necessary for proper digestion. This is a recognised tendency in the breed. Owners often notice that their dog is losing weight despite having a ravenous appetite, or that the dog produces large volumes of loose, fatty stools. A blood test measuring TLI levels is the standard way to confirm this diagnosis. Management involves adding enzyme supplements to every meal to aid digestion.

Color Dilution Alopecia

This is a skin condition that leads to hair loss and poor coat quality in dogs with certain coat colors. How this passes down is not settled, though it is suspected to be inherited. You may notice patches of thinning hair, brittle fur, or recurring skin infections. A veterinarian will examine the skin and may perform a biopsy to confirm the diagnosis. While there is no cure, the condition is managed by treating secondary skin infections and using gentle shampoos to soothe the skin.

Hydrocephalus

This involves an accumulation of fluid within the brain. This is a recognised tendency in the breed. Early signs can include behavioral changes, lethargy, or difficulty with training. A veterinarian will perform a neurological assessment and may use imaging such as an ultrasound or MRI to visualize the brain structure. This is a serious condition that requires immediate veterinary attention if you notice sudden changes in your dog's mental state or balance.

Chronic Kidney Disease

This condition is associated with renal dysplasia, where the kidneys do not develop properly. This is a recognised tendency in the breed. You might notice your dog drinking more water than usual, urinating more frequently, or showing a decrease in appetite. A vet will use blood work and urinalysis to assess kidney function. Early detection is vital, as it allows for dietary management and supportive care to slow the progression of the disease.

Uveitis

This is an inflammation of the internal structures of the eye, often linked to Canine Uveodermatologic Syndrome. This is a recognised tendency in the breed. You may notice redness, cloudiness, or pain in the eye. A veterinarian will use a specialized light to examine the interior of the eye. Because this can lead to vision loss, it is considered an urgent matter that requires prompt treatment with anti-inflammatory medications.

Pemphigus Foliaceus

This is an autoimmune skin disease that causes crusting and sores. This is a recognised tendency in the breed. Owners often notice crusts or scabs forming on the nose, ears, or footpads. A vet will perform a skin biopsy to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment typically involves long-term medication to suppress the immune system, requiring regular monitoring by your veterinary team.

Hip and Elbow Dysplasia

These are developmental conditions affecting the joints. This is a recognised tendency in the breed. You may notice your dog limping, struggling to stand up, or showing a reluctance to exercise. A veterinarian will perform a physical exam and use X-rays to assess the joint structure. Maintaining a lean body weight is the most important step an owner can take to reduce the stress on these joints.