Understanding Health Considerations for the Belgian Malinois

Quick answer

The Belgian Malinois is a resilient and active breed, but owners should be aware of specific health trends, particularly concerning spinal health as the dog matures. By maintaining a consistent health baseline and monitoring your dog for subtle changes in movement or behavior, you can ensure that any potential issues are identified and addressed promptly by your veterinary team.

Lumbosacral Stenosis

Lumbosacral stenosis is a condition that affects the lower back area of the spine. This is a recognised tendency in the breed, and it is particularly observed in male dogs. It is important to note that this is a recognised tendency rather than a proven one, and how this passes down is not settled. Owners should be particularly vigilant as their dogs reach maturity, as the condition is often noted in dogs over five years of age, especially those involved in active working roles.

At home, you might notice your dog becoming hesitant to jump into a vehicle, climb stairs, or perform activities they previously enjoyed. You may observe a slight hitch in their gait, a reluctance to rise from a lying position, or a change in the way they hold their tail. Some dogs may show sensitivity when the lower back is touched or groomed.

When you visit your veterinarian, they will perform a physical examination to assess your dog's range of motion and look for signs of neurological deficits or pain. If the vet suspects this condition, they will likely recommend diagnostic imaging, such as X-rays or advanced imaging like an MRI or CT scan, to evaluate the structures of the spine. These tests are the standard way to confirm the presence of stenosis. The urgency of the situation is determined by the severity of the pain and whether your dog is showing signs of weakness or loss of coordination in the hind limbs.

Maintaining a Health Baseline

Beyond specific breed tendencies, keeping a close eye on your dog's daily health markers is the best way to catch any health concern early. Establishing what is normal for your specific dog allows you to spot deviations quickly.

Body Condition Score

Regularly assess your dog's body condition. You should be able to feel their ribs without a thick layer of fat, and they should have a visible waist when viewed from above. An ideal body condition score reduces the physical load on your dog's joints and spine.

Gum Color

Checking your dog's gum color is a quick way to monitor circulation and hydration. Healthy gums should be a moist, bubblegum pink. If they appear pale, white, brick red, or blue, this is an indication that your dog needs immediate veterinary attention.

Mobility and Behavior

Observe your dog's movement during daily walks. Are they tracking evenly? Is there any favoring of a limb? Similarly, keep track of your dog's behavior. A sudden change in temperament, such as becoming irritable or unusually withdrawn, is often a dog's way of communicating that they are in pain.

Breathing at Rest

Take note of your dog's breathing rate while they are sleeping or resting calmly. Knowing their normal respiratory rate helps you identify if they are struggling to breathe or experiencing distress later on.

Skin and Coat Check

During grooming sessions, run your hands over your dog's entire body. Look for any new lumps, bumps, or areas of sensitivity. A healthy coat should be shiny and free of excessive flaking or bald patches. If you notice persistent scratching or redness, discuss this with your veterinarian to rule out underlying skin conditions.