伏立康唑
別名: Vfend
**伏立康唑 (Voriconazole)** 是一種進階的抗黴菌藥物，用於治療嚴重或具抗藥性的黴菌感染。 * **試驗性用藥**：此藥物在獸醫學中相對較新，其使用通常被視為試驗性質，且費用相當昂貴。 * **給藥方式**：請在餵食前至少一小時或餵食後一小時給藥，以確保藥物能被妥善吸收。 * **需注意的不良反應**：由於此藥物在寵物身上的使用經驗有限，請密切觀察您的寵物。如果您發現以下情況，**請立即聯繫您的獸醫師**： * 發癢或皮膚起疹子 * 眼白或牙齦變黃（黃疸） * 食慾減退或體重減輕 * 行走困難、絆倒或無力（特別是後腿） * 視力問題或瞳孔放大 * **貓咪特別注意**：貓咪對此藥物特別敏感。請極度密切觀察牠們在行為、食慾或活動力上的任何變化。
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
Veterinary professional? See the full dosing-by-species reference on VetSheet →
用途
- Orbital aspergillosis
- Aspergillosis
- General / Pharmacokinetic study
- Avian aspergillosis
- Coccidioidomycosis
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Dogs: Liver enlargement, significant increase in cytochrome P450 hepatic enzymes
- Cats: Azotemia, inappetence, lethargy, weight loss, cutaneous drug reactions, ataxia, hind limb paresis/paraplegia, visual signs (mydriasis, decreased PLR), arrhythmias, hypokalemia
- Humans: Visual disturbances (blurring, spots, wavy lines), rashes, GI effects (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), hepatotoxicity, hypertension/hypotension, tachycardia, peripheral edema, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia
- Rare (Humans): Eye hemorrhage, anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia, QT prolongation, nephrotoxicity
注意事項與禁忌
- Hypersensitivity to voriconazole or other azole antifungals
- Concurrent use with barbiturates, carbamazepine, cisapride, pimozide, quinidine, rifampin, or rifabutin
- Caution in patients with hepatic dysfunction
- Caution in patients with proarrhythmic conditions
- Caution with the IV formulation in patients with decreased renal function (due to accumulation of the SBECD vehicle)
- > **Feline Warning**: Cats are highly susceptible to severe neurologic and systemic adverse effects. Use only as a last resort. * **Hepatic Effects**: Can cause liver enlargement and enzyme induction (in dogs). Use with caution in patients with pre-existing hepatic dysfunction. * **Renal Impairment**: The IV formulation contains sulfobutyl ether beta-cyclodextrin sodium (SBECD), which can accumulate in patients with reduced renal function. * **Pregnancy**: Teratogenic in rats and embryotoxic in rabbits (FDA Category D). Weigh risks vs. benefits in pregnant animals. * **Cardiac**: Use with caution in patients with proarrhythmic conditions.
藥物相互作用
- Antidiabetic agents (sulfonylureas): May increase serum concentrations of these drugs and increase risk for hypoglycemia
- Barbiturates (phenobarbital): Decreased voriconazole concentrations; concurrent use is contraindicated
- Benzodiazepines: May increase benzodiazepine concentrations
- Calcium-channel blockers (amlodipine, diltiazem, verapamil): May increase serum concentrations; dosage adjustment may be required
- Carbamazepine: Decreased voriconazole concentrations; concurrent use is contraindicated
- Cisapride: Potential for serious cardiac arrhythmias; concurrent use is contraindicated
- Corticosteroids (prednisolone): Potentially increased AUC for prednisolone
- Immunosuppressive agents (cyclosporine, tacrolimus): Increased concentrations; decrease cyclosporine dosage by 50% and tacrolimus dosage by 33% when starting voriconazole
- Methadone: May increase plasma concentrations of R-methadone; monitor for toxicity
- Phenytoin: Can decrease voriconazole concentrations and voriconazole can increase phenytoin concentrations
- Pimozide: Potential for serious cardiac arrhythmias; concurrent use is contraindicated
- Proton-pump inhibitors (omeprazole): May increase omeprazole (and potentially other PPIs) concentrations
- Quinidine: Potential for serious cardiac arrhythmias; concurrent use is contraindicated
- Rifampin, Rifabutin: Decreased voriconazole concentrations; concurrent use is contraindicated
- Vinca alkaloids (vincristine, vinblastine): Possible increased Vinca alkaloid concentrations; monitor for toxicity
- Warfarin: May potentiate warfarin's anticoagulant effects
常見問題
伏立康唑用於寵物有什麼用途？
伏立康唑 (Voriconazole) 是一種進階的抗黴菌藥物，用於治療嚴重或具抗藥性的黴菌感染。 • 試驗性用藥：此藥物在獸醫學中相對較新，其使用通常被視為試驗性質，且費用相當昂貴。 • 給藥方式：請在餵食前至少一小時或餵食後一小時給藥，以確保藥物能被妥善吸收。 • 需注意的不良反應：由於此藥物在寵物身上的使用經驗有限，請密切觀察您的寵物。如果您發現以下情況，請立即聯繫您的獸醫師： • 發癢或皮膚起疹子 • 眼白或牙齦變黃（黃疸） • 食慾減退或體重減輕 • 行走困難、絆倒或無力（特別是後腿） • 視力問題或瞳孔放大 • 貓咪特別注意：貓咪對此藥物特別敏感。請極度密切觀察牠們在行為、食慾或活動力上的任何變化。
伏立康唑對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。