曲唑酮
別名: Desyrel, Oleptro, Molipaxin
- **給藥方式**：建議與食物一起餵食，以減少腸胃不適（如嘔吐或作嘔）。 - **給藥時機**：針對情境性焦慮（如看獸醫、煙火），請在預期壓力事件發生前 **1 至 2 小時**給藥。 - **觀察**：請密切觀察寵物是否出現過度鎮靜、嗜睡或步態不穩（共濟失調）的情況。 - **矛盾反應**：在極少數情況下，寵物可能會表現出異常的興奮、焦慮增加或食慾改變。 - **重要警告**：未經獸醫同意，請勿將本藥與其他藥物或保健品（特別是含有雙甲脒 Amitraz 的壁蝨項圈）併用，以免引發罕見但嚴重的**血清素症候群**。 - **溝通**：由於曲唑酮在犬隻的廣泛應用仍在研究中，若出現任何不可預見的不良反應，請立即向獸醫報告。
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
Veterinary professional? See the full dosing-by-species reference on VetSheet →
用途
- Adjunctive treatment of anxiety-related disorders (Daily medication only)
- Adjunctive treatment of anxiety-related disorders (As needed only)
- Adjunctive treatment of anxiety-related disorders (Daily medication and as needed)
- Adjunctive treatment of anxiety-related disorders
- Adjunctive treatment of anxiety-related disorders
- Adjunctive treatment of anxiety-related disorders (Situational)
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Sedation
- Lethargy
- Ataxia
- Cardiac conduction disturbances
- Increased anxiety (paradoxical)
- Aggression (paradoxical)
- Vomiting/gagging
- Increased excitement
- Increased appetite
- Colitis
- Serotonin syndrome (rare, usually with concurrent serotonergic drugs)
- Vomiting
- Excitability
- Dry mouth
- Third eyelid protrusion (in cats)
注意事項與禁忌
- Hypersensitivity to trazodone
- Concurrent use of MAO inhibitors (e.g., amitraz, selegiline)
- Glaucoma
- History of seizures
- Urinary retention
- Severe liver disease
- > **Cardiac & Organ Impairment**: Use with caution in patients with severe cardiac disease or hepatic or renal impairment. > **Pregnancy**: FDA Category C. Animal studies show adverse effects at very high doses (15-50X). Weigh potential risks versus benefits in pregnant or nursing animals. > **Serotonin Syndrome**: Risk increases significantly when combined with other serotonergic drugs (e.g., SSRIs, MAOIs, TCAs).
藥物相互作用
- Antihypertensive drugs: May increase reductions in blood pressure and cause hypotension
- Aspirin: Increase risk for GI bleeding; monitor
- Azole antifungals (e.g., ketoconazole, fluconazole): May increase trazodone blood levels
- CNS depressants: Use with trazodone may cause additive CNS depressant effects
- Digoxin: Trazodone may increase digoxin levels
- Macrolide antibiotics (e.g., erythromycin, clarithromycin): May increase trazodone blood levels
- Metoclopramide: Increased risk for serotonin syndrome
- NSAIDs: Increased risk for GI bleeding; monitor
- Phenothiazines: May increase trazodone blood levels; cause additive CNS effects
- SSRI antidepressants (e.g., fluoxetine): Increased risk for serotonin syndrome. Commonly used together, but monitor closely.
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): Contraindicated; high risk of serotonin syndrome
- Chlorphenamine: Metabolized by CYP450 2D6; potential for altered metabolism and toxicity
- Cimetidine: Metabolized by CYP450 2D6; potential for altered metabolism and toxicity
- Serotonergic substances: Increased risk of serotonin syndrome, though adjunctive therapy is sometimes used cautiously
- Ketoconazole: Inhibits the breakdown of trazodone, leading to increased blood levels
- Carbamazepine: Increases the breakdown of trazodone, leading to decreased blood levels
- Itraconazole: May inhibit the breakdown of trazodone (theoretical risk based on ketoconazole similarity)
常見問題
曲唑酮用於寵物有什麼用途？
- 給藥方式：建議與食物一起餵食，以減少腸胃不適（如嘔吐或作嘔）。 - 給藥時機：針對情境性焦慮（如看獸醫、煙火），請在預期壓力事件發生前 1 至 2 小時給藥。 - 觀察：請密切觀察寵物是否出現過度鎮靜、嗜睡或步態不穩（共濟失調）的情況。 - 矛盾反應：在極少數情況下，寵物可能會表現出異常的興奮、焦慮增加或食慾改變。 - 重要警告：未經獸醫同意，請勿將本藥與其他藥物或保健品（特別是含有雙甲脒 Amitraz 的壁蝨項圈）併用，以免引發罕見但嚴重的血清素症候群。 - 溝通：由於曲唑酮在犬隻的廣泛應用仍在研究中，若出現任何不可預見的不良反應，請立即向獸醫報告。
曲唑酮對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。