吡啶斯的明

用途

• Myasthenia gravis (MG)
• Myasthenia gravis (MG)
• Myasthenia gravis (MG)
• Myasthenia gravis
• Myasthenia gravis (MG)
• Myasthenia gravis (MG)
• Acquired Myasthenia gravis (MG)
• Myasthenia gravis (MG)
• Myasthenia gravis (MG)
• Myasthenia gravis

給藥方式

可能的副作用

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Excessive salivation (ptyalism)
• Sweating (in species with sweat glands)
• Increased bronchial secretions
• Bronchospasm
• Pulmonary edema
• Respiratory paralysis
• Miosis (pupil constriction)
• Blurred vision
• Lacrimation (tearing)
• Bradycardia
• Tachycardia
• Cardiospasm

注意事項與禁忌

• Hypersensitivity to anticholinesterase compounds or bromides
• Mechanical or physical obstructions of the urinary tract
• Mechanical or physical obstructions of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract
• Mechanical gastrointestinal obstruction
• Mechanical urinary tract obstruction
• Peritonitis
• > **High-Risk Patients:** Use with extreme caution in patients with bronchospastic disease, epilepsy, hyperthyroidism, bradycardia or other arrhythmias, vagotonia, or GI ulcer diseases. * **Pregnancy/Nursing:** FDA Category C. Excreted in maternal milk; use with caution in nursing patients. * **Dose Titration:** Doses must be carefully titrated. High doses can cause a cholinergic crisis, which presents as profound weakness and can be difficult to distinguish from a myasthenic crisis.

藥物相互作用

• Atropine: Antagonizes the muscarinic effects of pyridostigmine. Use cautiously as it can mask early clinical signs of a life-threatening cholinergic crisis.
• Corticosteroids: May decrease the anticholinesterase activity of pyridostigmine. Discontinuing corticosteroids may suddenly increase anticholinesterase activity, requiring dose adjustments.
• Dexpanthenol: Theoretically may have additive cholinergic effects when used concurrently.
• Neuromuscular blocking drugs (e.g., aminoglycosides): May necessitate increased dosages of pyridostigmine when treating or diagnosing myasthenic patients.
• Magnesium (parenteral): Can antagonize anticholinesterase therapy due to its direct depressant effect on skeletal muscle.
• Muscle Relaxants: May prolong the Phase I block of depolarizing muscle relaxants (e.g., succinylcholine) and antagonize the actions of non-depolarizing agents (e.g., pancuronium, atracurium).
• Aminoglycosides: May antagonize the neuromuscular effects of pyridostigmine
• Clindamycin: May antagonize the neuromuscular effects of pyridostigmine
• Lincomycin: May antagonize the neuromuscular effects of pyridostigmine

常見問題