氯化鉀 / 葡萄糖酸鉀
別名: Tumil-K, Renakare, Potassiject, Cal-Dextro K, K-G Elixir, Kaon, Kaylixir, Potasoral, Sopa-K, Ultra-K
藥物類別: Electrolyte
> **重要提示:** 未經獸醫明確同意,切勿將人類的鉀補充劑給予您的寵物,因為劑量非常特定,過量可能致命。 * **給藥方式:** 將口服粉末、凝膠或液體徹底拌入寵物的食物中,以防止胃部不適並提高適口性。 * **拒絕進食:** 如果您的寵物拒絕吃拌有藥物的食物,請聯繫您的獸醫。請勿強迫餵食或在下次給藥時將劑量加倍。 * **監測:** 觀察是否有肌肉無力、嚴重嗜睡、嘔吐或腹瀉的跡象。如果出現這些情況,請立即聯繫您的獸醫。 * 請將所有鉀補充劑放在兒童和其他寵物接觸不到的地方。
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Treatment of chronic mild hypokalemia (3.0-3.5 mEq/L)
- Treatment of chronic mild hypokalemia (Tumil-K powder)
- Moderate to severe (<3.0 mEq/L) or acute hypokalemia
- Subcutaneous fluid supplementation (<10 kg patients)
- Oral maintenance supplementation
- Sliding scale IV supplementation based on Serum K+
- Hypokalemia in 'downer' cows
- Hypokalemia maintenance/treatment
- Severe hypokalemia (<2.3 mEq/L) with severe muscle weakness or recumbency
- Counteract potassium depletion in a completely anorectic horse
- Hypokalemia with diarrhea
- Treatment of chronic mild hypokalemia (3.0-3.5 mEq/L)
給藥方式
POIVSC
可能的副作用
- Hyperkalemia (muscle weakness, cardiac conduction disturbances)
- Gastrointestinal distress (vomiting, diarrhea) with oral therapy
- Vein irritation and phlebitis with IV therapy
注意事項與禁忌
- Hyperkalemia
- Renal failure or severe renal impairment
- Severe hemolytic reactions
- Untreated Addison's disease (hypoadrenocorticism)
- Acute dehydration
- GI motility impairment (for solid oral dosage forms)
- > **CRITICAL WARNING:** Intravenous potassium salts **MUST** be diluted before administering and given slowly. Rapid IV administration can cause fatal cardiac arrest. * **Maximum standard IV rate:** Generally should not exceed 0.5 mEq/kg/hour. In dire circumstances (<2.0 mEq/L), rates up to 1.5 mEq/kg/hour may be used **only** with continuous ECG monitoring. * Assess renal and cardiac function prior to therapy. * Acid-base balance masks the actual potassium picture: acidosis causes a false elevation (shifts K+ out of cells), while alkalosis causes a falsely low serum value. * Supplementation should generally occur over 3-5 days to allow equilibration between extracellular and intracellular fluids. * Use cautiously in digitalized patients.
藥物相互作用
- ACE Inhibitors (e.g., enalapril): Potassium retention may occur; increased risk for hyperkalemia.
- Digoxin: In patients with severe or complete heart block receiving digitalis therapy, it is often recommended not to use potassium salts.
- NSAIDs: Oral potassium given with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents may increase the risk of gastrointestinal adverse effects.
- Potassium-Sparing Diuretics (e.g., spironolactone): Potassium retention may occur; increased risk for hyperkalemia.
常見問題
氯化鉀 / 葡萄糖酸鉀用於寵物有什麼用途?
> **重要提示:** 未經獸醫明確同意,切勿將人類的鉀補充劑給予您的寵物,因為劑量非常特定,過量可能致命。 * **給藥方式:** 將口服粉末、凝膠或液體徹底拌入寵物的食物中,以防止胃部不適並提高適口性。 * **拒絕進食:** 如果您的寵物拒絕吃拌有藥物的食物,請聯繫您的獸醫。請勿強迫餵食或在下次給藥時將劑量加倍。 * **監測:** 觀察是否有肌肉無力、嚴重嗜睡、嘔吐或腹瀉的跡象。如果出現這些情況,請立即聯繫您的獸醫。 * 請將所有鉀補充劑放在兒童和其他寵物接觸不到的地方。
氯化鉀 / 葡萄糖酸鉀對我的寵物安全嗎?
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育,不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適,請諮詢獸醫。