Potassium Chloride / Potassium Gluconate
別名: Tumil-K, Renakare, Potassiject, Cal-Dextro K, K-G Elixir, Kaon, Kaylixir, Potasoral, Sopa-K, Ultra-K
> **Important:** Never give human potassium supplements to your pet without explicit veterinary approval, as dosing is highly specific and overdoses can be fatal. * **Administration:** Mix oral powders, gels, or liquids thoroughly into your pet's food to prevent stomach upset and improve palatability. * **Refusal to Eat:** If your pet refuses to eat the medicated food, contact your veterinarian. Do not force-feed or double the next dose. * **Monitoring:** Watch for signs of muscle weakness, severe lethargy, vomiting, or diarrhea. Contact your vet immediately if these occur. * Keep all potassium supplements out of reach of children and other pets.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Treatment of chronic mild hypokalemia (3.0-3.5 mEq/L)
- Treatment of chronic mild hypokalemia (Tumil-K powder)
- Moderate to severe (<3.0 mEq/L) or acute hypokalemia
- Subcutaneous fluid supplementation (<10 kg patients)
- Oral maintenance supplementation
- Sliding scale IV supplementation based on Serum K+
- Hypokalemia in 'downer' cows
- Hypokalemia maintenance/treatment
- Severe hypokalemia (<2.3 mEq/L) with severe muscle weakness or recumbency
- Counteract potassium depletion in a completely anorectic horse
- Hypokalemia with diarrhea
- Treatment of chronic mild hypokalemia (3.0-3.5 mEq/L)
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Hyperkalemia (muscle weakness, cardiac conduction disturbances)
- Gastrointestinal distress (vomiting, diarrhea) with oral therapy
- Vein irritation and phlebitis with IV therapy
注意事項與禁忌
- Hyperkalemia
- Renal failure or severe renal impairment
- Severe hemolytic reactions
- Untreated Addison's disease (hypoadrenocorticism)
- Acute dehydration
- GI motility impairment (for solid oral dosage forms)
- > **CRITICAL WARNING:** Intravenous potassium salts **MUST** be diluted before administering and given slowly. Rapid IV administration can cause fatal cardiac arrest. * **Maximum standard IV rate:** Generally should not exceed 0.5 mEq/kg/hour. In dire circumstances (<2.0 mEq/L), rates up to 1.5 mEq/kg/hour may be used **only** with continuous ECG monitoring. * Assess renal and cardiac function prior to therapy. * Acid-base balance masks the actual potassium picture: acidosis causes a false elevation (shifts K+ out of cells), while alkalosis causes a falsely low serum value. * Supplementation should generally occur over 3-5 days to allow equilibration between extracellular and intracellular fluids. * Use cautiously in digitalized patients.
藥物相互作用
- ACE Inhibitors (e.g., enalapril): Potassium retention may occur; increased risk for hyperkalemia.
- Digoxin: In patients with severe or complete heart block receiving digitalis therapy, it is often recommended not to use potassium salts.
- NSAIDs: Oral potassium given with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents may increase the risk of gastrointestinal adverse effects.
- Potassium-Sparing Diuretics (e.g., spironolactone): Potassium retention may occur; increased risk for hyperkalemia.
常見問題
Potassium Chloride / Potassium Gluconate用於寵物有甚麼用途？
> **Important:** Never give human potassium supplements to your pet without explicit veterinary approval, as dosing is highly specific and overdoses can be fatal. * **Administration:** Mix oral powders, gels, or liquids thoroughly into your pet's food to prevent stomach upset and improve palatability. * **Refusal to Eat:** If your pet refuses to eat the medicated food, contact your veterinarian. Do not force-feed or double the next dose. * **Monitoring:** Watch for signs of muscle weakness, severe lethargy, vomiting, or diarrhea. Contact your vet immediately if these occur. * Keep all potassium supplements out of reach of children and other pets.
Potassium Chloride / Potassium Gluconate對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。