苯妥英鈉
別名: Dilantin, Phenytek
藥物類別: Anticonvulsant, Antidysrhythmic (Class IB)
- **嚴格遵守時間表**：請完全依照處方給藥。漏服可能導致癲癇發作或危險的心律不整。 - **給藥方式**：與食物一起餵食可促進吸收並減少腸胃不適。 - **注意副作用**：如果您的寵物變得極度嗜睡、食慾不振、嘔吐或走路搖晃（共濟失調），請立即通知您的獸醫師。 - **牙齒健康**：在犬隻中，此藥物可能導致牙齦過度生長（牙齦增生）。定期的牙齒檢查和良好的口腔衛生非常重要。 - > **安全警告**：絕對不要將人類的藥物分享給您的寵物。動物代謝此藥物的方式與人類大不相同，錯誤的劑量可能是致命的。
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
Veterinary professional? See the full dosing-by-species reference on VetSheet →
用途
- Treatment of ventricular arrhythmias
- Treatment of seizures
- Seizures
- Digoxin induced arrhythmias
- Treatment of ventricular dysrhythmias
- Treatment of seizures
- Treatment of seizures
- Treatment of seizures
- Treatment of ventricular arrhythmias
- Treatment of ventricular arrhythmias
- Treatment (or prophylaxis) of digitalis intoxication
- Treatment of hypoglycemia secondary to tumor
給藥方式
POIV
可能的副作用
- Dogs: Anorexia, vomiting, ataxia, sedation, gingival hyperplasia, hepatotoxicity (elevated ALT, decreased albumin, hepatic lipidosis)
- Cats: Ataxia, sedation, anorexia, dermal atrophy syndrome, thrombocytopenia
- Horses: Excitement, recumbency (at high plasma concentrations)
注意事項與禁忌
- Hypersensitivity to phenytoin or other hydantoins
- Intravenous use is contraindicated in 2nd or 3rd degree heart block
- Sinoatrial block
- Adams-Stokes syndrome
- Sinus bradycardia
- > **Hepatotoxicity Warning**: Chronic therapy in dogs requires regular monitoring of liver function due to the risk of hepatocellular hypertrophy, necrosis, and hepatic lipidosis. - **Pregnancy**: Potentially teratogenic (FDA Category D / Papich Class C). It readily crosses the placenta and is excreted in maternal milk. Use only when benefits clearly outweigh risks. - **Feline Sensitivity**: Cats metabolize phenytoin extremely slowly. Use is highly controversial and requires diligent monitoring to prevent severe toxicity. - **IV Administration**: Must be given slowly. Rapid IV injection can cause severe hypotension and cardiac arrhythmias.
藥物相互作用
- Chloramphenicol: Significantly increases the serum half-life of phenytoin (e.g., from 3 to 15 hours in dogs) by inhibiting its hepatic metabolism.
- Lithium: The toxicity of lithium may be enhanced.
- Meperidine: Phenytoin may decrease the analgesic properties of meperidine but enhance its toxic effects.
- Phenobarbital / Primidone: Altered pharmacologic effects; potential for additive hepatotoxicity. Weigh risks vs. benefits before combining.
- Allopurinol, Cimetidine, Diazepam, Isoniazid, Salicylates, Sulfonamides, Trimethoprim, Valproic Acid: May increase the pharmacologic effects and toxicity of phenytoin.
- Antacids, Barbiturates, Calcium, Folic Acid, Theophylline: May decrease the pharmacologic activity of phenytoin.
- Corticosteroids, Doxycycline, Estrogens, Furosemide, Quinidine: Phenytoin may decrease the pharmacologic activity of these agents via hepatic enzyme induction.
常見問題
苯妥英鈉用於寵物有什麼用途？
- 嚴格遵守時間表：請完全依照處方給藥。漏服可能導致癲癇發作或危險的心律不整。 - 給藥方式：與食物一起餵食可促進吸收並減少腸胃不適。 - 注意副作用：如果您的寵物變得極度嗜睡、食慾不振、嘔吐或走路搖晃（共濟失調），請立即通知您的獸醫師。 - 牙齒健康：在犬隻中，此藥物可能導致牙齦過度生長（牙齦增生）。定期的牙齒檢查和良好的口腔衛生非常重要。 - > 安全警告：絕對不要將人類的藥物分享給您的寵物。動物代謝此藥物的方式與人類大不相同，錯誤的劑量可能是致命的。
苯妥英鈉對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。