Phenytoin Sodium
別名: Dilantin, Phenytek
- **Strict Schedule**: Give this medication exactly as prescribed. Missing doses can lead to breakthrough seizures or dangerous heart rhythms. - **Administration**: Giving the medication with food may enhance absorption and decrease stomach upset. - **Watch for Side Effects**: Notify your veterinarian immediately if your pet becomes extremely lethargic, loses their appetite, vomits, or appears wobbly/drunk (ataxic). - **Dental Health**: In dogs, this drug can cause overgrowth of the gums (gingival hyperplasia). Regular dental check-ups and good oral hygiene are important. - > **Safety Warning**: Never share human medications with your pet. The way animals process this drug is vastly different from humans, and incorrect dosing can be fatal.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
Veterinary professional? See the full dosing-by-species reference on VetSheet →
用途
- Treatment of ventricular arrhythmias
- Treatment of seizures
- Seizures
- Digoxin induced arrhythmias
- Treatment of ventricular dysrhythmias
- Treatment of seizures
- Treatment of seizures
- Treatment of seizures
- Treatment of ventricular arrhythmias
- Treatment of ventricular arrhythmias
- Treatment (or prophylaxis) of digitalis intoxication
- Treatment of hypoglycemia secondary to tumor
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Dogs: Anorexia, vomiting, ataxia, sedation, gingival hyperplasia, hepatotoxicity (elevated ALT, decreased albumin, hepatic lipidosis)
- Cats: Ataxia, sedation, anorexia, dermal atrophy syndrome, thrombocytopenia
- Horses: Excitement, recumbency (at high plasma concentrations)
注意事項與禁忌
- Hypersensitivity to phenytoin or other hydantoins
- Intravenous use is contraindicated in 2nd or 3rd degree heart block
- Sinoatrial block
- Adams-Stokes syndrome
- Sinus bradycardia
- > **Hepatotoxicity Warning**: Chronic therapy in dogs requires regular monitoring of liver function due to the risk of hepatocellular hypertrophy, necrosis, and hepatic lipidosis. - **Pregnancy**: Potentially teratogenic (FDA Category D / Papich Class C). It readily crosses the placenta and is excreted in maternal milk. Use only when benefits clearly outweigh risks. - **Feline Sensitivity**: Cats metabolize phenytoin extremely slowly. Use is highly controversial and requires diligent monitoring to prevent severe toxicity. - **IV Administration**: Must be given slowly. Rapid IV injection can cause severe hypotension and cardiac arrhythmias.
藥物相互作用
- Chloramphenicol: Significantly increases the serum half-life of phenytoin (e.g., from 3 to 15 hours in dogs) by inhibiting its hepatic metabolism.
- Lithium: The toxicity of lithium may be enhanced.
- Meperidine: Phenytoin may decrease the analgesic properties of meperidine but enhance its toxic effects.
- Phenobarbital / Primidone: Altered pharmacologic effects; potential for additive hepatotoxicity. Weigh risks vs. benefits before combining.
- Allopurinol, Cimetidine, Diazepam, Isoniazid, Salicylates, Sulfonamides, Trimethoprim, Valproic Acid: May increase the pharmacologic effects and toxicity of phenytoin.
- Antacids, Barbiturates, Calcium, Folic Acid, Theophylline: May decrease the pharmacologic activity of phenytoin.
- Corticosteroids, Doxycycline, Estrogens, Furosemide, Quinidine: Phenytoin may decrease the pharmacologic activity of these agents via hepatic enzyme induction.
常見問題
Phenytoin Sodium用於寵物有甚麼用途？
- **Strict Schedule**: Give this medication exactly as prescribed. Missing doses can lead to breakthrough seizures or dangerous heart rhythms. - **Administration**: Giving the medication with food may enhance absorption and decrease stomach upset. - **Watch for Side Effects**: Notify your veterinarian immediately if your pet becomes extremely lethargic, loses their appetite, vomits, or appears wobbly/drunk (ataxic). - **Dental Health**: In dogs, this drug can cause overgrowth of the gums (gingival hyperplasia). Regular dental check-ups and good oral hygiene are important. - > **Safety Warning**: Never share human medications with your pet. The way animals process this drug is vastly different from humans, and incorrect dosing can be fatal.
Phenytoin Sodium對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。