Phenytoin Sodium
別名: Dilantin, Phenytek
- **Strict Schedule**: Give this medication exactly as prescribed. Missing doses can lead to breakthrough seizures or dangerous heart rhythms. - **Administration**: Giving the medication with food may enhance absorption and decrease stomach upset. - **Watch for Side Effects**: Notify your veterinarian immediately if your pet becomes extremely lethargic, loses their appetite, vomits, or appears wobbly/drunk (ataxic). - **Dental Health**: In dogs, this drug can cause overgrowth of the gums (gingival hyperplasia). Regular dental check-ups and good oral hygiene are important. - > **Safety Warning**: Never share human medications with your pet. The way animals process this drug is vastly different from humans, and incorrect dosing can be fatal.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Treatment of ventricular arrhythmias
- Treatment of seizures
- Seizures
- Digoxin induced arrhythmias
- Treatment of ventricular dysrhythmias
- Treatment of seizures
- Treatment of seizures
- Treatment of seizures
- Treatment of ventricular arrhythmias
- Treatment of ventricular arrhythmias
- Treatment (or prophylaxis) of digitalis intoxication
- Treatment of hypoglycemia secondary to tumor
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Dogs: Anorexia, vomiting, ataxia, sedation, gingival hyperplasia, hepatotoxicity (elevated ALT, decreased albumin, hepatic lipidosis)
- Cats: Ataxia, sedation, anorexia, dermal atrophy syndrome, thrombocytopenia
- Horses: Excitement, recumbency (at high plasma concentrations)
注意事項與禁忌
- Hypersensitivity to phenytoin or other hydantoins
- Intravenous use is contraindicated in 2nd or 3rd degree heart block
- Sinoatrial block
- Adams-Stokes syndrome
- Sinus bradycardia
- > **Hepatotoxicity Warning**: Chronic therapy in dogs requires regular monitoring of liver function due to the risk of hepatocellular hypertrophy, necrosis, and hepatic lipidosis. - **Pregnancy**: Potentially teratogenic (FDA Category D / Papich Class C). It readily crosses the placenta and is excreted in maternal milk. Use only when benefits clearly outweigh risks. - **Feline Sensitivity**: Cats metabolize phenytoin extremely slowly. Use is highly controversial and requires diligent monitoring to prevent severe toxicity. - **IV Administration**: Must be given slowly. Rapid IV injection can cause severe hypotension and cardiac arrhythmias.
藥物相互作用
- Chloramphenicol: Significantly increases the serum half-life of phenytoin (e.g., from 3 to 15 hours in dogs) by inhibiting its hepatic metabolism.
- Lithium: The toxicity of lithium may be enhanced.
- Meperidine: Phenytoin may decrease the analgesic properties of meperidine but enhance its toxic effects.
- Phenobarbital / Primidone: Altered pharmacologic effects; potential for additive hepatotoxicity. Weigh risks vs. benefits before combining.
- Allopurinol, Cimetidine, Diazepam, Isoniazid, Salicylates, Sulfonamides, Trimethoprim, Valproic Acid: May increase the pharmacologic effects and toxicity of phenytoin.
- Antacids, Barbiturates, Calcium, Folic Acid, Theophylline: May decrease the pharmacologic activity of phenytoin.
- Corticosteroids, Doxycycline, Estrogens, Furosemide, Quinidine: Phenytoin may decrease the pharmacologic activity of these agents via hepatic enzyme induction.
常見問題
Phenytoin Sodium用於寵物有甚麼用途？
- **Strict Schedule**: Give this medication exactly as prescribed. Missing doses can lead to breakthrough seizures or dangerous heart rhythms. - **Administration**: Giving the medication with food may enhance absorption and decrease stomach upset. - **Watch for Side Effects**: Notify your veterinarian immediately if your pet becomes extremely lethargic, loses their appetite, vomits, or appears wobbly/drunk (ataxic). - **Dental Health**: In dogs, this drug can cause overgrowth of the gums (gingival hyperplasia). Regular dental check-ups and good oral hygiene are important. - > **Safety Warning**: Never share human medications with your pet. The way animals process this drug is vastly different from humans, and incorrect dosing can be fatal.
Phenytoin Sodium對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。