戊巴比妥鈉

給藥方式

可能的副作用

• Respiratory depression (can be severe)
• Hypothermia
• Paradoxical excitement during recovery (especially in dogs)
• Cardiovascular depression (decreased contractility, hypotension)
• Severe tissue irritation and necrosis (if given perivascularly or SC)

注意事項與禁忌

• Known hypersensitivity to barbiturates
• Severe liver disease
• Nephritis
• Severe respiratory depression
• Lidocaine-induced seizures
• Pregnancy (Category D - embryotoxic/teratogenic)
• Administer IV SLOWLY (unless used for euthanasia). Very irritating if given SC or perivascularly; do NOT give intra-arterially (IA). Use cautiously in patients who are hypovolemic, anemic, or have borderline hypoadrenal, cardiac, or respiratory disease. Cats (especially females) are particularly sensitive to respiratory depressant effects. Use with caution in neonates due to higher CNS penetration.

藥物相互作用

• Acetaminophen: Increased risk for hepatotoxicity, particularly with large or chronic barbiturate doses.
• Lidocaine: Fatalities reported when treating lidocaine-induced seizures with pentobarbital; use diazepam instead.
• Phenytoin: Barbiturates may affect phenytoin metabolism and vice versa; blood level monitoring indicated.
• Rifampin: May induce enzymes that increase the metabolism of barbiturates.
• Antihistamines: May increase the CNS depressant effect of pentobarbital.
• Chloramphenicol: May increase the CNS depressant effect of pentobarbital.
• Opiates: May increase the CNS depressant effect of pentobarbital.
• Phenothiazines: May increase the CNS depressant effect of pentobarbital.

常見問題