哌替啶

用途

• Perioperative pain
• Analgesia
• Pre-medication
• Post-op analgesia
• General Note
• Analgesia (mild to moderate pain)
• Restraining agent (preanesthetic)
• Analgesia
• Analgesia
• Analgesia
• Analgesia
• Analgesia
• Moderate pain (Rabbits)
• Moderate pain (Rabbits/Rodents)

給藥方式

可能的副作用

• Respiratory depression
• Histamine release
• Bronchoconstriction (dogs)
• CNS depression
• Nausea and vomiting
• Decreased intestinal peristalsis
• Mydriasis (dogs)
• Salivation (especially cats)
• Physical dependence (chronic use)
• Tachycardia with PVCs (horses)
• Profuse sweating (horses)
• Hyperpnea (horses)
• Severe hypotension (if given IV rapidly)
• Hypotension (especially if given IV)

注意事項與禁忌

• Hypersensitivity to narcotic analgesics
• Patients receiving monamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
• Diarrhea caused by a toxic ingestion (until toxin is eliminated)
• Envenomations from Centruroides scorpion species, Gila monsters, or Mexican beaded lizards
• Intravenous (IV) administration
• Animals at risk from histamine release (e.g., skin allergies, asthma, mast cell tumours)
• > **Important Administration Note:** Many clinicians state meperidine should NOT be administered intravenously. If given IV, it must be given **very slowly** to avoid severe hypotension and histamine release. It may also be irritating when given SC. * **Extreme Caution:** Patients with respiratory disease or acute respiratory dysfunction (e.g., pulmonary edema secondary to smoke inhalation). * **Caution:** Hypothyroidism, severe renal insufficiency, adrenocortical insufficiency (Addison's disease), geriatric or severely debilitated patients. * **Caution:** Head injuries or increased intracranial pressure, and acute abdominal conditions (e.g., colic) as it may obscure diagnosis. * **Equine Note:** May potentiate intestinal obstruction secondary to reduced intestinal motility.

藥物相互作用

• CNS Depressants (anesthetics, antihistamines, phenothiazines, barbiturates, tranquilizers): May cause increased CNS or respiratory depression when used with meperidine.
• Diuretics: Opiates may decrease efficacy in CHF patients.
• Isoniazid: Meperidine may enhance INH adverse effects.
• Monamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) (e.g., amitraz, selegiline): Contraindicated. Can cause severe opiate overdose signs; avoid meperidine for at least 14 days after receiving MAOIs.
• Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Meperidine may enhance neuromuscular blockade.
• Tricyclic Antidepressants (clomipramine, amitriptyline): Meperidine may exacerbate the effects of tricyclic antidepressants.
• Warfarin: Opiates may potentiate anticoagulant activity.
• CNS depressants (anaesthetics, antihistamines, barbiturates, phenothiazines, tranquillizers): Increased CNS or respiratory depression
• Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): Serious interaction resulting in coma, convulsions, and hyperpyrexia

常見問題