林可黴素

用途

• Skin and soft tissue infections
• Systemic infections
• Susceptible bacterial infections
• Susceptible bacterial infections
• Susceptible bacterial infections
• Susceptible bacterial infections
• Susceptible bacterial infections
• Mycoplasmal (M. hyopneumoniae) pneumonia
• Susceptible infections
• Susceptible infections
• Skin and soft tissue infections
• Systemic infections
• Bacteremia, sepsis
• Pyoderma

給藥方式

可能的副作用

• Gastroenteritis (emesis, loose stools, bloody diarrhea in dogs)
• Pain and inflammation at IM injection sites
• Hypotension and cardiopulmonary arrest (if administered rapidly IV)
• Gastrointestinal disturbances in swine
• Diarrhea in nursing neonates (drug distributes into milk)
• Diarrhoea (potentially haemorrhagic)
• Colitis
• Hepatotoxicity (in patients with pre-existing liver disease)
• Cardiac depression (if given rapidly IV)
• Peripheral neuromuscular blockade (if given rapidly IV)

注意事項與禁忌

• Rabbits
• Hamsters
• Guinea pigs
• Horses
• Ruminants (cattle, sheep, goats)
• Patients with known hypersensitivity to lincosamides
• Patients with preexisting monilial (yeast) infections
• Neonatal animals (relative contraindication due to gut flora effects)
• Rapid intravenous administration
• Known hypersensitivity to lincosamides
• Use with caution in patients with severe liver disease
• Use with caution in patients with **hepatic or renal dysfunction**; consider reducing the dosage in severe cases as half-lives can be significantly prolonged. **Intravenous Administration**: Must be diluted and given as a slow drip infusion to prevent severe hypotension and cardiopulmonary arrest. **Species Warnings**: Never administer to horses, ruminants, or small herbivores (rabbits, guinea pigs, hamsters) as it can cause fatal dysbiosis and enterocolitis.

藥物相互作用

• Cyclosporine: Lincomycin may reduce systemic levels of cyclosporine.
• Erythromycin: In vitro antagonism occurs due to competing ribosomal binding sites; concomitant use should be avoided.
• Kaolin: Reduces the absorption of oral lincomycin by up to 90%. If both are necessary, separate doses by at least 2 hours.
• Neuromuscular blocking agents (e.g., pancuronium): Lincomycin possesses intrinsic neuromuscular blocking activity and may enhance the effects of these agents; use cautiously.
• Neuromuscular blocking agents: Enhanced neuromuscular blockade action
• Chloramphenicol: Antagonistic antimicrobial action (competes for 50S ribosomal binding site)
• Macrolides: Antagonistic antimicrobial action (competes for 50S ribosomal binding site)

常見問題