酮洛芬

用途

• Antiinflammatory/analgesic
• Antiinflammatory/analgesic
• Post-operative pain control
• Antiinflammatory/analgesic
• Acute pain from musculoskeletal and other painful disorders
• Acute pain from musculoskeletal and other painful disorders
• Antiinflammatory/analgesic
• Post-operative analgesic
• Labeled indications (inflammation and pain)
• Adjunctive treatment for laminitis
• Antiinflammatory analgesic
• Antiinflammatory analgesic
• Chronic pain/antiinflammatory (Rabbits)

給藥方式

可能的副作用

• Horses: Gastric mucosal damage, GI ulceration, renal crest necrosis, mild hepatitis, injection site inflammation (IM)
• Dogs and Cats: Vomiting, anorexia, gastrointestinal ulceration, renal toxicity
• General: Masking of infection signs (inflammation, hyperpyrexia)
• Gastrointestinal signs (vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia)
• Gastrointestinal ulceration and bleeding
• Renal toxicity (especially in dehydrated/hypotensive patients)
• Hepatic accumulation (in patients with liver disease)
• Potential precipitation of cardiac failure (rare/unknown risk in animals)

注意事項與禁忌

• Known hypersensitivity to ketoprofen or other NSAIDs
• Active gastrointestinal ulceration or bleeding
• Significant renal or hepatic impairment
• Late pregnancy (due to risk of premature closure of the patent ductus arteriosus)
• Intra-arterial administration
• Dehydrated, hypovolaemic, or hypotensive patients
• Patients with pre-existing gastrointestinal disease
• Patients with blood clotting problems
• Pregnant animals
• Animals < 6 weeks of age
• > **High Protein Binding**: Because ketoprofen is highly protein-bound, patients with hypoproteinemia may have increased levels of free (active) drug, significantly increasing the risk of toxicity. * **GI and Renal Risks**: Use only when potential benefits outweigh risks in patients with a history of GI ulceration or compromised renal/hepatic function. * **Masking Infection**: May mask clinical signs of infection such as fever and inflammation. Use appropriate anti-infective therapy if a primary infectious process is present. * **Breeding Animals**: Use with caution in breeding animals; effects on fertility and fetal health are not fully established. Avoid in late pregnancy. * **Administration Warnings**: Avoid subcutaneous (SC) injections in horses. Do not administer intra-arterially in any species.

藥物相互作用

• Aminoglycosides (gentamicin, amikacin): Increased risk for nephrotoxicity.
• Anticoagulants (heparin, LMWH, warfarin): Increased risk for bleeding.
• Aspirin: Plasma levels of ketoprofen could decrease; increased likelihood of GI adverse effects (blood loss). Concomitant use is not recommended.
• Bisphosphonates (alendronate): May increase risk for GI ulceration.
• Corticosteroids: Concomitant administration significantly increases the risks for GI adverse effects and ulceration.
• Cyclosporine: May increase risk for nephrotoxicity.
• Fluconazole: May increase NSAID levels.
• Furosemide: Ketoprofen may reduce the saluretic and diuretic effects of furosemide.
• Highly Protein Bound Drugs (phenytoin, valproic acid, sulfonamides): Ketoprofen is 99% protein-bound and may displace other drugs, leading to increased serum levels and duration of action.
• Methotrexate: Serious toxicity has occurred when NSAIDs are used concomitantly; use with extreme caution.

常見問題