肼屈嗪
別名: Apresoline, Alphapress, Bionobal, Cesoline, Hidral, Hydrapres, Hyperex, Hyperphen, Ipolina, Nepresol, Novo-Hylazin, Nu-Hydral, Rolazine, Slow-Apresoline, Supres
肼屈嗪是一種用於降低血壓和減輕寵物心臟工作負擔的藥物，特別適用於患有心臟瓣膜閉鎖不全的寵物。 * **嚴格遵從醫囑**：必須完全按照獸醫師的指示給藥，以發揮最大療效並避免血壓危險性下降。 * **注意事項**：如果您的寵物變得異常嗜睡、虛弱、抑鬱或暈厥，請立即聯繫您的獸醫師。這些可能是血壓降得太低（低血壓）的跡象。 * **副作用**：您可能會注意到輕微的嘔吐或腹瀉。如果這些症狀持續存在，請告知您的獸醫師。 * **飲食**：請向獸醫師確認此藥物是否應與食物一起服用，因為食物可能會影響藥物在寵物體內的吸收量。
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Adjunctive therapy in treatment of heart failure
- Treatment of systemic hypertension (Fourth step drug)
- Systemic hypertension
- Adjunctive therapy in treatment of heart failure (afterload reducer)
- Adjunctive therapy in treatment of heart failure (long-term therapy)
- Adjunctive therapy in treatment of heart failure (not receiving ACE inhibitors)
- Acute, fulminant heart failure due to severe mitral regurgitation (not receiving ACE inhibitors)
- Adjunctive therapy in treatment of heart failure (receiving ACE inhibitors)
- Short-term treatment of CHF secondary to valve disease
- Treatment of systemic hypertension (Fifth step drug)
- Congestive heart failure / Systemic hypertension
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Hypotension
- Weakness and lethargy
- Syncope (fainting)
- Reflex tachycardia
- Sodium and water retention
- GI distress (vomiting, diarrhea)
- Increased creatinine levels
- SLE-like syndrome (documented in humans, theoretical in animals)
- Lacrimation and conjunctivitis
- Peripheral neuritis
- Blood dyscrasias
- Urinary retention
- Constipation
- Severe hypotension
注意事項與禁忌
- Known hypersensitivity to hydralazine
- Coronary artery disease
- Hypovolemia
- Preexisting hypotension
- Hypovolaemia
- Hypotension
- Renal impairment
- Cerebral bleeding
- > **Dose Titration**: Doses must be titrated upwards carefully to avoid severe, life-threatening hypotension. * **Renal Disease**: Use with caution. Reduced renal blood flow can activate the RAAS and exacerbate renal injury; pretreatment with an ACE inhibitor and spironolactone is often advised. * **Intracerebral Bleeding**: Use with caution due to potential effects on cerebral blood flow. * **Autoimmune Disease**: Use cautiously in patients with preexisting autoimmune diseases, as an SLE-like syndrome has been documented in humans. * **Pregnancy**: FDA Category C (humans); Papich Class B (veterinary). Safe for use if used cautiously, but crosses the placenta. Excreted in milk but generally considered compatible with nursing.
藥物相互作用
- ACE-INHIBITORS: May cause additive hypotensive effect; usually used for therapeutic advantage
- BETA-BLOCKERS: May cause additive hypotensive effect; usually used for therapeutic advantage
- DIAZOXIDE: Potentially could cause profound hypotension
- DIURETICS: May cause additive hypotensive effect; usually used for therapeutic advantage
- FUROSEMIDE: Hydralazine may increase furosemide's renal effects
- MAO INHIBITORS: May cause additive hypotensive effect
- SYMPATHOMIMETICS (e.g., epinephrine): Hydralazine may cause decreased pressor effect and may cause additive tachycardia
- ACE inhibitors (e.g., enalapril, benazepril): Enhanced hypotensive effects
- Anaesthetics: Enhanced hypotensive effects
- Beta-blockers (e.g., propranolol): Enhanced hypotensive effects
- Calcium-channel blockers (e.g., diltiazem, verapamil): Enhanced hypotensive effects
常見問題
肼屈嗪用於寵物有什麼用途？
肼屈嗪是一種用於降低血壓和減輕寵物心臟工作負擔的藥物，特別適用於患有心臟瓣膜閉鎖不全的寵物。 * **嚴格遵從醫囑**：必須完全按照獸醫師的指示給藥，以發揮最大療效並避免血壓危險性下降。 * **注意事項**：如果您的寵物變得異常嗜睡、虛弱、抑鬱或暈厥，請立即聯繫您的獸醫師。這些可能是血壓降得太低（低血壓）的跡象。 * **副作用**：您可能會注意到輕微的嘔吐或腹瀉。如果這些症狀持續存在，請告知您的獸醫師。 * **飲食**：請向獸醫師確認此藥物是否應與食物一起服用，因為食物可能會影響藥物在寵物體內的吸收量。
肼屈嗪對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。