醋酸可的松
別名: Cortisone
藥物類別: Adrenal Corticosteroid
* **嚴格遵從醫囑**：務必完全按照處方給藥。**切勿突然停藥**，因為這可能引發危及生命的艾迪森氏症危機。 * **副作用**：觀察是否有腸胃不適的跡象（嘔吐、腹瀉、食慾不振）。如果您的寵物接受較高劑量，您可能會注意到口渴、排尿和食慾增加，以及喘息。 * **獸醫回診**：按時進行所有預定的血液檢查（電解質），以確保劑量符合您寵物的需求。 * **壓力事件**：如果您的寵物面臨壓力事件（手術、寄宿、生病），請聯繫您的獸醫，因為可能需要暫時增加劑量。
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Long-term treatment of hypoadrenocorticism (changeover period)
- Long-term treatment of hypoadrenocorticism (maintenance)
給藥方式
PO
可能的副作用
- Vomiting
- Inappetence
- Diarrhea
- Hypersensitivity reactions (rare)
- Polyuria/Polydipsia/Polyphagia (at supra-physiologic doses)
- Panting (at supra-physiologic doses)
- Immunosuppression (at supra-physiologic doses)
注意事項與禁忌
- Hypersensitivity to cortisone acetate
- Systemic fungal infections (general corticosteroid contraindication)
- > **Laboratory Interference**: Cortisone cross-reacts with cortisol in the ACTH stimulation test. Baseline testing must be performed *before* administering cortisone (Note: Dexamethasone does not cross-react). * **Pregnancy**: FDA Category C. Excessive dosages early in pregnancy may lead to teratogenic effects. Glucocorticoids are necessary for normal fetal development, but high doses should be avoided. * **Nursing**: Unbound glucocorticoids enter milk. High doses or prolonged use may inhibit the growth of nursing newborns. * **Supra-physiologic Doses**: If used at higher than physiologic replacement doses, standard corticosteroid precautions apply (risk of iatrogenic Cushing's, immunosuppression, GI ulceration).
藥物相互作用
- Amphotericin B: Concomitant use may cause hypokalemia; risk of CHF and cardiac enlargement reported in humans.
- Aspirin: Glucocorticoids may reduce salicylate blood levels and increase risk for GI ulceration/bleeding.
- Diuretics, Potassium-Depleting (e.g., furosemide, thiazides): Concomitant administration may cause hypokalemia.
- Estrogens: May potentiate the effects of hydrocortisone/glucocorticoids.
- Insulin and Antidiabetic Agents: Insulin requirements may increase due to glucocorticoid-induced insulin resistance.
- Mitotane: May alter steroid metabolism; higher doses of steroids may be needed to treat mitotane-induced adrenal insufficiency.
- NSAIDs: Increased risk of gastrointestinal ulceration and bleeding.
- Vaccines (Live attenuated): Virus replication may be augmented if given at immunosuppressive doses; diminished immune response to killed vaccines/toxoids.
- Warfarin: May affect INR values; requires monitoring.
常見問題
醋酸可的松用於寵物有什麼用途？
* **嚴格遵從醫囑**：務必完全按照處方給藥。**切勿突然停藥**，因為這可能引發危及生命的艾迪森氏症危機。 * **副作用**：觀察是否有腸胃不適的跡象（嘔吐、腹瀉、食慾不振）。如果您的寵物接受較高劑量，您可能會注意到口渴、排尿和食慾增加，以及喘息。 * **獸醫回診**：按時進行所有預定的血液檢查（電解質），以確保劑量符合您寵物的需求。 * **壓力事件**：如果您的寵物面臨壓力事件（手術、寄宿、生病），請聯繫您的獸醫，因為可能需要暫時增加劑量。
醋酸可的松對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。