氯拉西泮
別名: Tranxene-SD, Gen-Xene, Tranxene T-tab
> **重要警告**：請勿突然停止給藥。突然停藥可能會引發嚴重且危及生命的戒斷性癲癇。如果需要停藥，請務必諮詢獸醫以制定逐漸減量的計畫。 * **按時給藥是關鍵**：抗癲癇治療失敗的一個主要原因是漏服藥物。請每天在固定的時間給藥。 * **貓咪飼主請注意**：如果您的貓咪出現食慾不振、嘔吐，或眼白/牙齦發黃（黃疸）的現象，請**立即**聯繫您的獸醫，這可能表示出現了嚴重的肝臟不良反應。 * **副作用**：您的寵物可能會顯得嗜睡、動作不協調或笨拙，尤其是在剛開始服藥時。這些症狀通常會在身體適應後改善。 * **儲存方式**：請將藥物保存在帶有乾燥劑的原包裝容器中，因為該藥物接觸水分後會迅速降解。
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Anxiolytic or for compulsive behaviors
- Alternative drug to phenobarbital for seizures
- Adjunctive medication in the treatment of seizures (in combination with phenobarbital)
- Adjunctive medication in the treatment of seizures (in combination with phenobarbital)
- Adjunctive medication in the treatment of seizures
- Adjunctive medication in the treatment of seizures
- Third-line agent for seizures
- Management of cluster seizures
- Adjunctive therapy for fears and phobias
- Adjunctive therapy for fears and phobias
- Adjunctive therapy for fears and phobias
- Adjunctive therapy for fears and phobias
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Sedation (most common)
- Ataxia
- Physical dependence (with chronic use)
- Acute hepatic necrosis (idiosyncratic in cats)
- Paradoxical excitation or disinhibition of aggression
注意事項與禁忌
- Hypersensitivity to benzodiazepines
- Significant liver disease/dysfunction
- Acute narrow angle glaucoma
- Fear-induced aggression (relative contraindication; may disinhibit bite inhibition)
- Use with extreme caution in aggressive animals, particularly those with **fear-induced aggression**, as benzodiazepines can disinhibit anxiety-based bite inhibition and provoke attacks. Benzodiazepines may exacerbate **myasthenia gravis**. Safe use during pregnancy is not established (FDA Category D in humans; teratogenic effects noted in lab animals). The active metabolite, nordiazepam, is distributed into milk and may affect nursing neonates. Abrupt withdrawal after chronic use can precipitate severe rebound seizures.
藥物相互作用
- Azole Antifungals (itraconazole, ketoconazole): May increase serum levels of benzodiazepines by inhibiting their metabolism.
- Cimetidine: May decrease the metabolism of benzodiazepines, leading to prolonged effects.
- CNS Depressants (barbiturates, narcotics, anesthetics): Additive CNS depression; may cause profound sedation or respiratory depression.
- Erythromycin: May decrease the metabolism of benzodiazepines.
- Phenobarbital: Complex interaction: Clorazepate may initially increase phenobarbital serum levels. Over time, clorazepate levels may decrease, leading to decreased phenobarbital levels. Requires close monitoring.
- Phenytoin: May decrease clorazepate concentrations.
- Rifampin: May induce hepatic microsomal enzymes and decrease the pharmacologic effects of benzodiazepines.
常見問題
氯拉西泮用於寵物有什麼用途？
> **重要警告**：請勿突然停止給藥。突然停藥可能會引發嚴重且危及生命的戒斷性癲癇。如果需要停藥，請務必諮詢獸醫以制定逐漸減量的計畫。 * **按時給藥是關鍵**：抗癲癇治療失敗的一個主要原因是漏服藥物。請每天在固定的時間給藥。 * **貓咪飼主請注意**：如果您的貓咪出現食慾不振、嘔吐，或眼白/牙齦發黃（黃疸）的現象，請**立即**聯繫您的獸醫，這可能表示出現了嚴重的肝臟不良反應。 * **副作用**：您的寵物可能會顯得嗜睡、動作不協調或笨拙，尤其是在剛開始服藥時。這些症狀通常會在身體適應後改善。 * **儲存方式**：請將藥物保存在帶有乾燥劑的原包裝容器中，因為該藥物接觸水分後會迅速降解。
氯拉西泮對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。