Clorazepate
別名: Tranxene-SD, Gen-Xene, Tranxene T-tab
> **CRITICAL WARNING**: Do not stop giving this drug abruptly. Sudden withdrawal can trigger severe, life-threatening seizures. Always consult your veterinarian for a tapering schedule if the medication needs to be discontinued. * **Consistency is Key**: A major factor in anticonvulsant therapy failure is missed doses. Give the medication at the same times every day. * **Cats**: If your cat develops a lack of appetite, vomiting, or yellowish whites of the eyes/gums (jaundice), contact your veterinarian **immediately**, as this could indicate a severe liver reaction. * **Side Effects**: Your pet may appear sleepy, uncoordinated, or clumsy, especially when first starting the medication. This often improves as their body adjusts. * **Storage**: Keep the medication in its original container with the desiccant (moisture-absorbing) packet, as the drug degrades quickly when exposed to moisture.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Anxiolytic or for compulsive behaviors
- Alternative drug to phenobarbital for seizures
- Adjunctive medication in the treatment of seizures (in combination with phenobarbital)
- Adjunctive medication in the treatment of seizures (in combination with phenobarbital)
- Adjunctive medication in the treatment of seizures
- Adjunctive medication in the treatment of seizures
- Third-line agent for seizures
- Management of cluster seizures
- Adjunctive therapy for fears and phobias
- Adjunctive therapy for fears and phobias
- Adjunctive therapy for fears and phobias
- Adjunctive therapy for fears and phobias
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Sedation (most common)
- Ataxia
- Physical dependence (with chronic use)
- Acute hepatic necrosis (idiosyncratic in cats)
- Paradoxical excitation or disinhibition of aggression
注意事項與禁忌
- Hypersensitivity to benzodiazepines
- Significant liver disease/dysfunction
- Acute narrow angle glaucoma
- Fear-induced aggression (relative contraindication; may disinhibit bite inhibition)
- Use with extreme caution in aggressive animals, particularly those with **fear-induced aggression**, as benzodiazepines can disinhibit anxiety-based bite inhibition and provoke attacks. Benzodiazepines may exacerbate **myasthenia gravis**. Safe use during pregnancy is not established (FDA Category D in humans; teratogenic effects noted in lab animals). The active metabolite, nordiazepam, is distributed into milk and may affect nursing neonates. Abrupt withdrawal after chronic use can precipitate severe rebound seizures.
藥物相互作用
- Azole Antifungals (itraconazole, ketoconazole): May increase serum levels of benzodiazepines by inhibiting their metabolism.
- Cimetidine: May decrease the metabolism of benzodiazepines, leading to prolonged effects.
- CNS Depressants (barbiturates, narcotics, anesthetics): Additive CNS depression; may cause profound sedation or respiratory depression.
- Erythromycin: May decrease the metabolism of benzodiazepines.
- Phenobarbital: Complex interaction: Clorazepate may initially increase phenobarbital serum levels. Over time, clorazepate levels may decrease, leading to decreased phenobarbital levels. Requires close monitoring.
- Phenytoin: May decrease clorazepate concentrations.
- Rifampin: May induce hepatic microsomal enzymes and decrease the pharmacologic effects of benzodiazepines.
常見問題
Clorazepate用於寵物有甚麼用途？
> **CRITICAL WARNING**: Do not stop giving this drug abruptly. Sudden withdrawal can trigger severe, life-threatening seizures. Always consult your veterinarian for a tapering schedule if the medication needs to be discontinued. * **Consistency is Key**: A major factor in anticonvulsant therapy failure is missed doses. Give the medication at the same times every day. * **Cats**: If your cat develops a lack of appetite, vomiting, or yellowish whites of the eyes/gums (jaundice), contact your veterinarian **immediately**, as this could indicate a severe liver reaction. * **Side Effects**: Your pet may appear sleepy, uncoordinated, or clumsy, especially when first starting the medication. This often improves as their body adjusts. * **Storage**: Keep the medication in its original container with the desiccant (moisture-absorbing) packet, as the drug degrades quickly when exposed to moisture.
Clorazepate對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。