氯硝西泮 (可洛那西泮)
別名: Klonopin, Antelepsin, Clonagin, Clonapam, Clonax, Clonex, Diocam, Epitril, Iktorivil, Kenoket, Kriadex, Neuryl, Paxam, Rivatril, Rivotril, Solfidin, Linotril
- **按時服藥至關重要**：抗癲癇治療失敗的一個主要原因是未按醫囑服藥。在規定的時間規律給藥非常重要。 - **切勿突然停藥**：在沒有獸醫指導的情況下，絕對不要突然停止使用此藥物。突然停藥可能引發嚴重、危及生命的持續性癲癇發作（癲癇重積狀態）。如果需要停藥，您的獸醫會提供漸進式減量計畫。 - **副作用**：剛開始服藥時，輕微的嗜睡和步態不穩很常見，但通常會逐漸改善。如果您的寵物變得異常過動或焦躁，請聯繫您的獸醫。 - **貓咪飼主注意事項**：密切觀察您的貓咪是否出現食慾不振、嘔吐或眼白/牙齦發黃（黃疸）。這些可能是罕見但嚴重的肝臟問題的徵兆。如果您注意到這些跡象，請立即聯繫您的獸醫。
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
Veterinary professional? See the full dosing-by-species reference on VetSheet →
用途
- Anxiolytic
- Anxiolytic
- Anxiolytic
- Adjunctive medication in the treatment of seizures
- Adjunctive medication in the treatment of seizures
- Anxiolytic / Hyperaesthesia / Epilepsy
- Adjunctive medication in the treatment of seizures
- Adjunctive medication in the treatment of seizures
- Anxiolytic
- Anxiolytic
- Muscular hypertonicity (episodic falling) / Anxiolytic
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Sedation and lethargy
- Ataxia (incoordination)
- Paradoxical excitement, hyperactivity, or vocalization
- Increased salivation
- Gastrointestinal upset (vomiting, diarrhea, constipation)
- Dogs: Rapid tolerance to anticonvulsant effects
- Cats: Polyphagia, potential for acute hepatic necrosis (rare)
- Sedation
- Respiratory suppression (at higher doses)
- Ataxia
- Acute hepatic necrosis (idiosyncratic in cats)
- Tolerance development
注意事項與禁忌
- Hypersensitivity to clonazepam or other benzodiazepines
- Significant liver disease or dysfunction
- Acute narrow-angle glaucoma
- Myasthenia gravis (may exacerbate weakness)
- Marked CNS depression
- Respiratory depression
- Severe muscle weakness
- Hepatic impairment (may worsen hepatic encephalopathy)
- Acute narrow angle glaucoma
- Do not discontinue therapy abruptly, especially in patients on chronic or high-dose therapy, as this may precipitate withdrawal signs or status epilepticus; taper the dose gradually. Use with caution in nursing dams, as benzodiazepines can enter milk and accumulate to toxic levels in neonates. Monitor cats closely for signs of hepatotoxicity.
藥物相互作用
- Azole Antifungals (itraconazole, ketoconazole): May increase clonazepam levels by inhibiting its metabolism.
- Cimetidine: May decrease the metabolism of benzodiazepines, increasing their effects.
- CNS Depressants (barbiturates, narcotics, anesthetics): Additive CNS depression; may cause profound sedation or respiratory depression.
- Erythromycin: May decrease the metabolism of benzodiazepines.
- Phenobarbital: May decrease clonazepam concentrations via hepatic enzyme induction.
- Phenytoin: May decrease clonazepam concentrations.
- Propantheline: May decrease clonazepam concentrations.
- Rifampin: May induce hepatic microsomal enzymes and decrease the pharmacologic effects of benzodiazepines.
- Antifungal imidazoles (e.g., Ketoconazole, Itraconazole): Inhibition of CYP450 enzymes may decrease clonazepam clearance, increasing its plasma levels and risk of toxicity.
- Other CNS Depressants: Additive sedation and respiratory depression.
常見問題
氯硝西泮 (可洛那西泮)用於寵物有什麼用途？
- 按時服藥至關重要：抗癲癇治療失敗的一個主要原因是未按醫囑服藥。在規定的時間規律給藥非常重要。 - 切勿突然停藥：在沒有獸醫指導的情況下，絕對不要突然停止使用此藥物。突然停藥可能引發嚴重、危及生命的持續性癲癇發作（癲癇重積狀態）。如果需要停藥，您的獸醫會提供漸進式減量計畫。 - 副作用：剛開始服藥時，輕微的嗜睡和步態不穩很常見，但通常會逐漸改善。如果您的寵物變得異常過動或焦躁，請聯繫您的獸醫。 - 貓咪飼主注意事項：密切觀察您的貓咪是否出現食慾不振、嘔吐或眼白/牙齦發黃（黃疸）。這些可能是罕見但嚴重的肝臟問題的徵兆。如果您注意到這些跡象，請立即聯繫您的獸醫。
氯硝西泮 (可洛那西泮)對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。