Clonazepam
別名: Klonopin, Antelepsin, Clonagin, Clonapam, Clonax, Clonex, Diocam, Epitril, Iktorivil, Kenoket, Kriadex, Neuryl, Paxam, Rivatril, Rivotril, Solfidin, Linotril
- **Consistency is Key:** A major factor in anticonvulsant therapy failure is a lack of compliance. It is very important to give doses regularly at the prescribed times. - **Do Not Stop Abruptly:** Never stop this medication suddenly without your veterinarian's guidance. Abrupt withdrawal can trigger severe, life-threatening continuous seizures (status epilepticus). If the medication needs to be stopped, your vet will provide a tapering schedule. - **Side Effects:** Mild sleepiness and clumsiness are common when starting the medication but often improve. If your pet becomes unusually hyperactive or agitated, contact your vet. - **Cat Owners:** Watch your cat closely for a lack of appetite, vomiting, or yellowing of the whites of the eyes or gums (jaundice). These can be signs of a rare but serious liver issue. Contact your veterinarian immediately if you notice these signs.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Anxiolytic
- Anxiolytic
- Anxiolytic
- Adjunctive medication in the treatment of seizures
- Adjunctive medication in the treatment of seizures
- Anxiolytic / Hyperaesthesia / Epilepsy
- Adjunctive medication in the treatment of seizures
- Adjunctive medication in the treatment of seizures
- Anxiolytic
- Anxiolytic
- Muscular hypertonicity (episodic falling) / Anxiolytic
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Sedation and lethargy
- Ataxia (incoordination)
- Paradoxical excitement, hyperactivity, or vocalization
- Increased salivation
- Gastrointestinal upset (vomiting, diarrhea, constipation)
- Dogs: Rapid tolerance to anticonvulsant effects
- Cats: Polyphagia, potential for acute hepatic necrosis (rare)
- Sedation
- Respiratory suppression (at higher doses)
- Ataxia
- Acute hepatic necrosis (idiosyncratic in cats)
- Tolerance development
注意事項與禁忌
- Hypersensitivity to clonazepam or other benzodiazepines
- Significant liver disease or dysfunction
- Acute narrow-angle glaucoma
- Myasthenia gravis (may exacerbate weakness)
- Marked CNS depression
- Respiratory depression
- Severe muscle weakness
- Hepatic impairment (may worsen hepatic encephalopathy)
- Acute narrow angle glaucoma
- Do not discontinue therapy abruptly, especially in patients on chronic or high-dose therapy, as this may precipitate withdrawal signs or status epilepticus; taper the dose gradually. Use with caution in nursing dams, as benzodiazepines can enter milk and accumulate to toxic levels in neonates. Monitor cats closely for signs of hepatotoxicity.
藥物相互作用
- Azole Antifungals (itraconazole, ketoconazole): May increase clonazepam levels by inhibiting its metabolism.
- Cimetidine: May decrease the metabolism of benzodiazepines, increasing their effects.
- CNS Depressants (barbiturates, narcotics, anesthetics): Additive CNS depression; may cause profound sedation or respiratory depression.
- Erythromycin: May decrease the metabolism of benzodiazepines.
- Phenobarbital: May decrease clonazepam concentrations via hepatic enzyme induction.
- Phenytoin: May decrease clonazepam concentrations.
- Propantheline: May decrease clonazepam concentrations.
- Rifampin: May induce hepatic microsomal enzymes and decrease the pharmacologic effects of benzodiazepines.
- Antifungal imidazoles (e.g., Ketoconazole, Itraconazole): Inhibition of CYP450 enzymes may decrease clonazepam clearance, increasing its plasma levels and risk of toxicity.
- Other CNS Depressants: Additive sedation and respiratory depression.
常見問題
Clonazepam用於寵物有甚麼用途？
- **Consistency is Key:** A major factor in anticonvulsant therapy failure is a lack of compliance. It is very important to give doses regularly at the prescribed times. - **Do Not Stop Abruptly:** Never stop this medication suddenly without your veterinarian's guidance. Abrupt withdrawal can trigger severe, life-threatening continuous seizures (status epilepticus). If the medication needs to be stopped, your vet will provide a tapering schedule. - **Side Effects:** Mild sleepiness and clumsiness are common when starting the medication but often improve. If your pet becomes unusually hyperactive or agitated, contact your vet. - **Cat Owners:** Watch your cat closely for a lack of appetite, vomiting, or yellowing of the whites of the eyes or gums (jaundice). These can be signs of a rare but serious liver issue. Contact your veterinarian immediately if you notice these signs.
Clonazepam對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。