頭孢噻肟
別名: Claforan
藥物類別: Antibiotic - 3rd Generation Cephalosporin
頭孢噻肟是一種強效的注射用抗生素,通常在獸醫院內用於治療嚴重的感染。 * **給藥方式**:因為它無法透過腸胃道吸收,必須以注射方式(靜脈、肌肉或皮下)給予。 * **副作用**:肌肉注射可能會引起疼痛。請觀察注射部位是否有腫脹、發紅或疼痛的跡象。 * **過敏反應**:如果您的寵物過去曾對青黴素或其他頭孢菌素類藥物有過敏反應,請立即告知您的獸醫師。 * **腸胃不適**:與許多抗生素一樣,它可能會改變腸道內的正常菌叢,偶爾會導致腹瀉。如果腹瀉變得嚴重或帶血,請聯繫您的獸醫師。
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Soft tissue infections
- Orthopedic infections
- Severe bacteremia
- Susceptible infections
- Sepsis
- CNS infections (spinal cord)
- Acute sepsis or serious susceptible infections
- Susceptible infections
- Susceptible infections (most birds)
- Bacterial infections, bacterial hepatitis
- Susceptible infections in ratites (young birds)
- Susceptible infections
- Severe bacteremia
- Susceptible infections
給藥方式
IVIMSCRegional perfusionNebulization
可能的副作用
- Pain at the IM injection site
- Thrombophlebitis (after IV administration)
- Hypersensitivity reactions (rashes, fever, eosinophilia, anaphylaxis)
- Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (alteration of gut flora)
- Sterile abscesses or local tissue reactions
- Rarely: Nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity (at high doses), neutropenia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, hepatitis
注意事項與禁忌
- Patients with a documented history of hypersensitivity to cephalosporins
- Use with caution in patients with documented hypersensitivity to other beta-lactam antibiotics (e.g., penicillins, carbapenems) due to potential cross-reactivity (estimated 1-15% in humans). Dosage adjustments may be necessary in patients with renal failure. May cause false-positive direct Coombs' tests, falsely elevated 17-ketosteroid urine values, and false-positive urine glucose determinations when using cupric sulfate solution tests (e.g., Clinitest).
藥物相互作用
- Aminoglycosides / Nephrotoxic drugs (e.g., amphotericin B): Potential for additive nephrotoxicity. In vitro studies show synergistic antibacterial activity, but they must NOT be mixed in the same syringe or fluid bag.
- Probenecid: Competitively blocks the renal tubular secretion of cefotaxime, significantly increasing its serum levels and prolonging its elimination half-life.
- Oxytetracycline: Bacteriostatic agents may antagonize the bactericidal activity of cephalosporins.
- Erythromycin: Bacteriostatic agents may antagonize the bactericidal activity of cephalosporins.
- Aminoglycosides: Synergistic antibacterial effect, but do not mix in the same syringe due to chemical incompatibility.
- Amphotericin B: Increased risk of nephrotoxicity.
- Furosemide: Loop diuretics may increase the risk of nephrotoxicity when used with cephalosporins.
常見問題
頭孢噻肟用於寵物有什麼用途?
頭孢噻肟是一種強效的注射用抗生素,通常在獸醫院內用於治療嚴重的感染。 * **給藥方式**:因為它無法透過腸胃道吸收,必須以注射方式(靜脈、肌肉或皮下)給予。 * **副作用**:肌肉注射可能會引起疼痛。請觀察注射部位是否有腫脹、發紅或疼痛的跡象。 * **過敏反應**:如果您的寵物過去曾對青黴素或其他頭孢菌素類藥物有過敏反應,請立即告知您的獸醫師。 * **腸胃不適**:與許多抗生素一樣,它可能會改變腸道內的正常菌叢,偶爾會導致腹瀉。如果腹瀉變得嚴重或帶血,請聯繫您的獸醫師。
頭孢噻肟對我的寵物安全嗎?
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育,不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適,請諮詢獸醫。