頭孢噻肟
別名: Claforan
藥物類別: Antibiotic - 3rd Generation Cephalosporin
頭孢噻肟是一種強效的注射用抗生素，通常在獸醫院內用於治療嚴重的感染。 * **給藥方式**：因為它無法透過腸胃道吸收，必須以注射方式（靜脈、肌肉或皮下）給予。 * **副作用**：肌肉注射可能會引起疼痛。請觀察注射部位是否有腫脹、發紅或疼痛的跡象。 * **過敏反應**：如果您的寵物過去曾對青黴素或其他頭孢菌素類藥物有過敏反應，請立即告知您的獸醫師。 * **腸胃不適**：與許多抗生素一樣，它可能會改變腸道內的正常菌叢，偶爾會導致腹瀉。如果腹瀉變得嚴重或帶血，請聯繫您的獸醫師。
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
Veterinary professional? See the full dosing-by-species reference on VetSheet →
用途
- Soft tissue infections
- Orthopedic infections
- Severe bacteremia
- Susceptible infections
- Sepsis
- CNS infections (spinal cord)
- Acute sepsis or serious susceptible infections
- Susceptible infections
- Susceptible infections (most birds)
- Bacterial infections, bacterial hepatitis
- Susceptible infections in ratites (young birds)
- Susceptible infections
- Severe bacteremia
- Susceptible infections
- Sepsis
- CNS infections (spinal cord)
- To prevent bacterial colonization of pancreas in severe pancreatitis, anorexia, or SIRS
- Acute sepsis or serious susceptible infections
- Susceptible infections in foals
- Meningitis in foals
- Systemic therapy in foals
- Regional perfusion for adjunctive treatment of septic arthritis in foals
- Susceptible infections
- Susceptible infections in chelonians
- Nebulized antibiotic therapy
給藥方式
IVIMSCRegional perfusionNebulization
可能的副作用
- Pain at the IM injection site
- Thrombophlebitis (after IV administration)
- Hypersensitivity reactions (rashes, fever, eosinophilia, anaphylaxis)
- Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (alteration of gut flora)
- Sterile abscesses or local tissue reactions
- Rarely: Nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity (at high doses), neutropenia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, hepatitis
注意事項與禁忌
- Patients with a documented history of hypersensitivity to cephalosporins
- Use with caution in patients with documented hypersensitivity to other beta-lactam antibiotics (e.g., penicillins, carbapenems) due to potential cross-reactivity (estimated 1-15% in humans). Dosage adjustments may be necessary in patients with renal failure. May cause false-positive direct Coombs' tests, falsely elevated 17-ketosteroid urine values, and false-positive urine glucose determinations when using cupric sulfate solution tests (e.g., Clinitest).
藥物相互作用
- Aminoglycosides / Nephrotoxic drugs (e.g., amphotericin B): Potential for additive nephrotoxicity. In vitro studies show synergistic antibacterial activity, but they must NOT be mixed in the same syringe or fluid bag.
- Probenecid: Competitively blocks the renal tubular secretion of cefotaxime, significantly increasing its serum levels and prolonging its elimination half-life.
- Oxytetracycline: Bacteriostatic agents may antagonize the bactericidal activity of cephalosporins.
- Erythromycin: Bacteriostatic agents may antagonize the bactericidal activity of cephalosporins.
- Aminoglycosides: Synergistic antibacterial effect, but do not mix in the same syringe due to chemical incompatibility.
- Amphotericin B: Increased risk of nephrotoxicity.
- Furosemide: Loop diuretics may increase the risk of nephrotoxicity when used with cephalosporins.
常見問題
頭孢噻肟用於寵物有什麼用途？
頭孢噻肟是一種強效的注射用抗生素，通常在獸醫院內用於治療嚴重的感染。 • 給藥方式：因為它無法透過腸胃道吸收，必須以注射方式（靜脈、肌肉或皮下）給予。 • 副作用：肌肉注射可能會引起疼痛。請觀察注射部位是否有腫脹、發紅或疼痛的跡象。 • 過敏反應：如果您的寵物過去曾對青黴素或其他頭孢菌素類藥物有過敏反應，請立即告知您的獸醫師。 • 腸胃不適：與許多抗生素一樣，它可能會改變腸道內的正常菌叢，偶爾會導致腹瀉。如果腹瀉變得嚴重或帶血，請聯繫您的獸醫師。
頭孢噻肟對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。