Cefotaxime
別名: Claforan
Cefotaxime is a potent injectable antibiotic typically administered in a veterinary hospital setting to treat severe infections. * **Administration**: Because it is not absorbed through the GI tract, it must be given by injection (IV, IM, or under the skin). * **Side Effects**: Injections into the muscle can be painful. Watch the injection site for signs of swelling, redness, or pain. * **Allergies**: If your pet has had an allergic reaction to penicillins or other cephalosporins in the past, notify your veterinarian immediately. * **GI Upset**: As with many antibiotics, it can alter the normal bacteria in the gut, occasionally leading to diarrhea. Contact your veterinarian if diarrhea becomes severe or bloody.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Soft tissue infections
- Orthopedic infections
- Severe bacteremia
- Susceptible infections
- Sepsis
- CNS infections (spinal cord)
- Acute sepsis or serious susceptible infections
- Susceptible infections
- Susceptible infections (most birds)
- Bacterial infections, bacterial hepatitis
- Susceptible infections in ratites (young birds)
- Susceptible infections
- Severe bacteremia
- Susceptible infections
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Pain at the IM injection site
- Thrombophlebitis (after IV administration)
- Hypersensitivity reactions (rashes, fever, eosinophilia, anaphylaxis)
- Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (alteration of gut flora)
- Sterile abscesses or local tissue reactions
- Rarely: Nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity (at high doses), neutropenia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, hepatitis
注意事項與禁忌
- Patients with a documented history of hypersensitivity to cephalosporins
- Use with caution in patients with documented hypersensitivity to other beta-lactam antibiotics (e.g., penicillins, carbapenems) due to potential cross-reactivity (estimated 1-15% in humans). Dosage adjustments may be necessary in patients with renal failure. May cause false-positive direct Coombs' tests, falsely elevated 17-ketosteroid urine values, and false-positive urine glucose determinations when using cupric sulfate solution tests (e.g., Clinitest).
藥物相互作用
- Aminoglycosides / Nephrotoxic drugs (e.g., amphotericin B): Potential for additive nephrotoxicity. In vitro studies show synergistic antibacterial activity, but they must NOT be mixed in the same syringe or fluid bag.
- Probenecid: Competitively blocks the renal tubular secretion of cefotaxime, significantly increasing its serum levels and prolonging its elimination half-life.
- Oxytetracycline: Bacteriostatic agents may antagonize the bactericidal activity of cephalosporins.
- Erythromycin: Bacteriostatic agents may antagonize the bactericidal activity of cephalosporins.
- Aminoglycosides: Synergistic antibacterial effect, but do not mix in the same syringe due to chemical incompatibility.
- Amphotericin B: Increased risk of nephrotoxicity.
- Furosemide: Loop diuretics may increase the risk of nephrotoxicity when used with cephalosporins.
常見問題
Cefotaxime用於寵物有甚麼用途？
Cefotaxime is a potent injectable antibiotic typically administered in a veterinary hospital setting to treat severe infections. * **Administration**: Because it is not absorbed through the GI tract, it must be given by injection (IV, IM, or under the skin). * **Side Effects**: Injections into the muscle can be painful. Watch the injection site for signs of swelling, redness, or pain. * **Allergies**: If your pet has had an allergic reaction to penicillins or other cephalosporins in the past, notify your veterinarian immediately. * **GI Upset**: As with many antibiotics, it can alter the normal bacteria in the gut, occasionally leading to diarrhea. Contact your veterinarian if diarrhea becomes severe or bloody.
Cefotaxime對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。