卡托普利
別名: Capoten, Capozide
藥物類別: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitor
> **重要提示**:請在**空腹時**(飯前1小時或飯後2小時)給予此藥物,除非獸醫師另有指示,因為食物會顯著降低其吸收率。 * 未經獸醫師同意,請勿突然停藥或減少劑量。 * 如果寵物出現持續或嚴重的嘔吐、腹瀉,請立即聯繫您的獸醫師,因為這可能導致危險的脫水和低血壓。 * 密切觀察寵物是否有嗜睡、虛弱或病情惡化的跡象,這可能表明血壓過低或心臟病加重。
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- CHF / Hypertension
- Dilative, restrictive or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- CHF / Hypertension
- CHF / Hypertension
給藥方式
PO
可能的副作用
- Hypotension
- Renal failure
- Hyperkalemia
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Skin rashes (reported in humans, not dogs)
- Neutropenia/agranulocytosis (rare, reported in humans)
注意事項與禁忌
- Hypersensitivity to ACE inhibitors
- Use with caution and under close supervision in patients with **renal insufficiency**; doses may need to be reduced. Use cautiously in patients with **hyponatremia or sodium depletion**, coronary or cerebrovascular insufficiency, preexisting hematologic abnormalities, or collagen vascular diseases (e.g., SLE). Patients with severe CHF should be monitored very closely upon initiation of therapy to prevent profound hypotension. **Reproductive Safety:** Captopril crosses the placenta. High doses in rodents caused decreased fetal weights and increased mortality. Use during pregnancy only when potential benefits outweigh risks (FDA Category C for 1st trimester; Category D for 2nd/3rd trimesters). Enters milk at ~1% of maternal plasma concentrations.
藥物相互作用
- Antacids: Reduced oral absorption of captopril; separate dosing by at least two hours.
- Cimetidine: Concomitant use has caused neurologic dysfunction in human patients.
- Digoxin: Digoxin levels may increase 15-30%; monitor serum digoxin levels.
- Diuretics: Concomitant use may cause hypotension; titrate dosages carefully.
- NSAIDs: May reduce the clinical efficacy of captopril when used as an antihypertensive agent.
- Potassium or Potassium-Sparing Diuretics (e.g., spironolactone): Increased risk of developing hyperkalemia.
- Probenecid: Can decrease renal excretion of captopril, possibly enhancing clinical and toxic effects.
- Vasodilators (e.g., prazosin, hydralazine, nitrates): Concomitant use may cause additive hypotension; titrate dosages carefully.
常見問題
卡托普利用於寵物有什麼用途?
> **重要提示**:請在**空腹時**(飯前1小時或飯後2小時)給予此藥物,除非獸醫師另有指示,因為食物會顯著降低其吸收率。 * 未經獸醫師同意,請勿突然停藥或減少劑量。 * 如果寵物出現持續或嚴重的嘔吐、腹瀉,請立即聯繫您的獸醫師,因為這可能導致危險的脫水和低血壓。 * 密切觀察寵物是否有嗜睡、虛弱或病情惡化的跡象,這可能表明血壓過低或心臟病加重。
卡托普利對我的寵物安全嗎?
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育,不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適,請諮詢獸醫。