Captopril
別名: Capoten, Capozide
> **Important:** Give this medication on an **empty stomach** (1 hour before or 2 hours after meals) unless otherwise instructed, as food significantly decreases its absorption. * Do not abruptly stop or reduce therapy without your veterinarian's approval. * Contact your veterinarian immediately if your pet experiences severe or persistent vomiting or diarrhea, as this can lead to dangerous dehydration and low blood pressure. * Monitor for signs of lethargy, weakness, or deterioration in your pet's condition, which could indicate low blood pressure or worsening heart disease.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- CHF / Hypertension
- Dilative, restrictive or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- CHF / Hypertension
- CHF / Hypertension
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Hypotension
- Renal failure
- Hyperkalemia
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Skin rashes (reported in humans, not dogs)
- Neutropenia/agranulocytosis (rare, reported in humans)
注意事項與禁忌
- Hypersensitivity to ACE inhibitors
- Use with caution and under close supervision in patients with **renal insufficiency**; doses may need to be reduced. Use cautiously in patients with **hyponatremia or sodium depletion**, coronary or cerebrovascular insufficiency, preexisting hematologic abnormalities, or collagen vascular diseases (e.g., SLE). Patients with severe CHF should be monitored very closely upon initiation of therapy to prevent profound hypotension. **Reproductive Safety:** Captopril crosses the placenta. High doses in rodents caused decreased fetal weights and increased mortality. Use during pregnancy only when potential benefits outweigh risks (FDA Category C for 1st trimester; Category D for 2nd/3rd trimesters). Enters milk at ~1% of maternal plasma concentrations.
藥物相互作用
- Antacids: Reduced oral absorption of captopril; separate dosing by at least two hours.
- Cimetidine: Concomitant use has caused neurologic dysfunction in human patients.
- Digoxin: Digoxin levels may increase 15-30%; monitor serum digoxin levels.
- Diuretics: Concomitant use may cause hypotension; titrate dosages carefully.
- NSAIDs: May reduce the clinical efficacy of captopril when used as an antihypertensive agent.
- Potassium or Potassium-Sparing Diuretics (e.g., spironolactone): Increased risk of developing hyperkalemia.
- Probenecid: Can decrease renal excretion of captopril, possibly enhancing clinical and toxic effects.
- Vasodilators (e.g., prazosin, hydralazine, nitrates): Concomitant use may cause additive hypotension; titrate dosages carefully.
常見問題
Captopril用於寵物有甚麼用途？
> **Important:** Give this medication on an **empty stomach** (1 hour before or 2 hours after meals) unless otherwise instructed, as food significantly decreases its absorption. * Do not abruptly stop or reduce therapy without your veterinarian's approval. * Contact your veterinarian immediately if your pet experiences severe or persistent vomiting or diarrhea, as this can lead to dangerous dehydration and low blood pressure. * Monitor for signs of lethargy, weakness, or deterioration in your pet's condition, which could indicate low blood pressure or worsening heart disease.
Captopril對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。