阿替美唑

用途

• For reversal of alpha2-adrenergic agonists in caprine species
• Small ruminants
• For reversal of alpha2-adrenergic agonists in ovine species
• Small ruminants
• For reversal of medetomidine
• For reversal of medetomidine
• For reversal of dexmedetomidine
• For treatment of amitraz toxicity
• Reversal of medetomidine or dexmedetomidine
• Amitraz toxicity
• As a reversal agent for alpha2-adrenergic agonists (e.g., xylazine, detomidine, etc.)
• For reversal of medetomidine as part of a medetomidine/butorphanol or buprenorphine/ketamine/carprofen or meloxicam anesthesia/analgesia injectable combination

給藥方式

可能的副作用

• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Hypersalivation
• Tremors
• Brief excitation or apprehensiveness
• Aggression upon rapid waking
• Profound hypotension (if given IV in reptiles)
• Loss of analgesia

注意事項與禁忌

• Reptiles (Intravenous administration is contraindicated due to profound hypotension)
• > **Pregnancy/Lactation:** Not recommended in pregnant or lactating animals, or animals intended for breeding due to lack of safety data. * **Rapid Emergence:** Because reversal can occur rapidly, care should be exercised as animals emerging from sedation and analgesia may exhibit apprehensive or aggressive behaviors. Protect animals from falling or self-harm. * **Loss of Analgesia:** Additional analgesia (e.g., butorphanol, buprenorphine) should be considered, particularly after painful procedures. * **Relapse of Sedation:** When used as an antidote for alpha-2 agonist toxicity (e.g., amitraz), atipamezole's effects may subside before non-toxic levels of the offending agent are reached; repeat dosing may be necessary. * **Geriatric/Debilitated Patients:** Caution should be used in administration of anesthetic agents to elderly or debilitated animals. * **Reptiles:** Do NOT give IV to reptiles as profound hypotension can occur.

藥物相互作用

• Alpha-1 adrenergic blockers (e.g., prazosin): Atipamezole can partially block alpha-1 receptors and reduce the effects of prazosin.
• Alpha-2 adrenergic agonists (e.g., detomidine, clonidine, brimonidine, xylazine, amitraz): Atipamezole can reduce the effects (toxic or therapeutic) of these agents.
• Medetomidine: Reverses sedative, analgesic, and cardiovascular effects (intended therapeutic interaction)
• Dexmedetomidine: Reverses sedative, analgesic, and cardiovascular effects (intended therapeutic interaction)
• Ketamine: If atipamezole is given less than 30 minutes after a medetomidine/ketamine combination in cats, it can cause severe CNS excitation during recovery.
• Other alpha-2 antagonists: Additive antagonistic effects
• Hypotensive agents: May exacerbate transient hypotension

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