阿朴嗎啡

用途

• Induction of emesis
• Induction of emesis
• Induction of emesis
• Induction of emesis
• Induction of emesis
• Induction of emesis
• Induction of emesis

給藥方式

可能的副作用

• Protracted vomiting
• CNS depression (lethargy, sedation)
• CNS stimulation (excitement, restlessness)
• Respiratory depression
• Corneal ulcers (anecdotal, associated with conjunctival administration)

注意事項與禁忌

• Rodents and rabbits (unable to vomit or lack stomach wall strength)
• Hypoxia, dyspnea, or shock
• Lack of normal pharyngeal reflexes (risk of aspiration)
• Seizuring, comatose, or severely CNS-depressed patients
• Patients who have already vomited repeatedly
• Ingestion of strong acids, alkalis, or other caustic agents (risk of esophageal/gastric rupture)
• Ingestion of petroleum distillates (unless toxicity risk outweighs aspiration risk)
• Ingestion of strychnine or other CNS stimulants (may precipitate seizures)
• Oral opiate or other CNS depressant (e.g., barbiturates) toxicity
• Hypersensitivity to morphine
• If vomiting does not occur within the expected time after apomorphine administration, repeated doses are unlikely to induce emesis and may cause clinical signs of toxicity. Use with extreme caution, if at all, in cats. When using the conjunctival route, the eye must be thoroughly rinsed with sterile saline after emesis is achieved to prevent protracted vomiting and potential corneal irritation.

藥物相互作用

• Antidopaminergic drugs (e.g., phenothiazines, metoclopramide): May negate the emetic effects of apomorphine by blocking dopamine receptors in the CRTZ.
• Ondansetron: May cause severe hypotension; concurrent use is contraindicated in humans.
• Opiates or CNS/Respiratory depressants (e.g., barbiturates): Additive CNS or respiratory depression may occur.
• Antidopaminergics (e.g., phenothiazines): May reduce the emetic effects of apomorphine
• Opiates and CNS depressants: Additive CNS or respiratory depression

常見問題