阿米替林
別名: Elavil, Lentizol, Tryptanol
藥物類別: Tricyclic Antidepressant (TCA) / Behavior Modifier / Neuropathic Pain Modifier
> **耐心是關鍵**：行為改變不會在一夜之間發生。通常需要**數週**持續每天服藥才能看到完整效果。 * **請勿突然停藥**：若要停藥，必須在獸醫師的指導下緩慢減少劑量，以防止出現戒斷症狀。 * **副作用**：您的寵物可能會顯得嗜睡或口乾（您可能會注意到牠們頻繁舔嘴唇）。可能會出現便秘或排尿困難；如果發現這些症狀，請通知您的獸醫師。 * **毒性警告**：請務必將藥物存放在兒童防護包裝中，並遠離兒童和其他寵物。過量服用可能致命。 * **給藥方式**：藥丸可能很苦。建議將其藏在適口性高的零食或餵藥用肉塊中。
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Adjunctive treatment of pruritus
- Acral pruritic dermatitis
- Separation anxiety or generalized anxiety
- Behavior disorders amenable to tricyclics
- Behavior disorders amenable to tricyclics
- Behavior disorders amenable to tricyclics
- Neuropathic pain
- Adjunctive treatment of pain associated with appendicular osteosarcoma
- Management of chronic anxiety, compulsive disorders, and separation anxiety
- Adjunctive treatment of feather plucking
- Adjunctive treatment of behavior disorders amenable to tricyclics
- Adjunctive treatment of behavior disorders amenable to tricyclics
給藥方式
POParenteral
可能的副作用
- Sedation
- Constipation
- Urinary retention
- Hyperexcitability (dogs)
- Seizures (rare)
- Cardiac dysrhythmias
- Bone marrow suppression
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Hypersalivation (cats)
- Anorexia (cats)
- Thrombocytopenia
- Neutropenia
- Unkempt hair coat (cats)
- Ataxia
注意事項與禁忌
- Prior sensitivity to any tricyclic antidepressant
- Concomitant use with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
- Use with extreme caution in patients with seizure disorders as tricyclic agents may reduce seizure thresholds. Use with caution in patients with thyroid disorders, hepatic disorders, keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), glaucoma, cardiac rhythm disorders, diabetes, or adrenal tumors. FDA Pregnancy Category D (restrict use to pregnant animals only when benefits clearly outweigh risks).
藥物相互作用
- Anticholinergic agents: Increased effects; hyperthermia and ileus possible
- Cimetidine: May inhibit tricyclic antidepressant metabolism and increase the risk of toxicity
- Cisapride: May have additive effects on QTc interval; possible serious arrhythmias may result
- Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (selegiline, amitraz): Potential life-threatening serotonin syndrome; use together not recommended
- CNS Depressants: Increased sedative effects
- Diazepam: Possible increased amitriptyline levels
- Quinidine: Increased risk for QTc interval prolongation and tricyclic adverse effects
- Selective-Serotonin Re-uptake Inhibitors (SSRIs, fluoxetine): Potential increased amitriptyline levels, increased risk for serotonin syndrome; enhanced monitoring suggested if used together
- Sympathomimetic agents: May increase the risk of cardiac effects (arrhythmias, hypertension, hyperpyrexia)
- Thyroid agents: Increased risk for arrhythmias; monitor closely
常見問題
阿米替林用於寵物有什麼用途？
> **耐心是關鍵**：行為改變不會在一夜之間發生。通常需要**數週**持續每天服藥才能看到完整效果。 * **請勿突然停藥**：若要停藥，必須在獸醫師的指導下緩慢減少劑量，以防止出現戒斷症狀。 * **副作用**：您的寵物可能會顯得嗜睡或口乾（您可能會注意到牠們頻繁舔嘴唇）。可能會出現便秘或排尿困難；如果發現這些症狀，請通知您的獸醫師。 * **毒性警告**：請務必將藥物存放在兒童防護包裝中，並遠離兒童和其他寵物。過量服用可能致命。 * **給藥方式**：藥丸可能很苦。建議將其藏在適口性高的零食或餵藥用肉塊中。
阿米替林對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫依你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。