金剛胺鹽酸鹽

用途

• Osteoarthritis pain when NSAIDs alone are not effective
• Adjunctive therapy for chronic pain
• To decrease wind-up
• Analgesia (adjunct for chronic pain)
• Adjunctive therapy for chronic pain
• Adjunctive therapy for chronic pain
• Adjunctive therapy for chronic pain
• Analgesia (adjunct for chronic pain)
• Acute treatment of equine-2 influenza

給藥方式

可能的副作用

• Agitation or restlessness (especially early in therapy)
• Loose stools, flatulence, or diarrhea
• Narrow safety margin in cats (potential for neurotoxicity)
• Seizures (reported in horses given IV)

注意事項與禁忌

• Known hypersensitivity to amantadine or rimantadine
• Untreated angle-closure glaucoma
• Extra-label use in chickens, turkeys, and ducks (Prohibited by FDA)
• Use with caution in patients with **liver disease, renal disease** (dosage adjustment may be required as it is primarily renally excreted), **congestive heart failure, active psychoses, eczematoid dermatitis, or seizure disorders**. > **Warning**: The FDA strictly prohibits the extra-label use of amantadine and other influenza antivirals in poultry (chickens, turkeys, ducks).

藥物相互作用

• Anticholinergic drugs: May enhance the anticholinergic effects of amantadine.
• CNS Stimulants (e.g., selegiline): Concomitant use may increase the CNS stimulatory effects of amantadine.
• Trimethoprim/sulfa, quinidine, quinine, thiazide diuretics, triamterene: May decrease the renal excretion of amantadine, yielding higher and potentially toxic blood levels.
• Urinary acidifiers (e.g., methionine, ammonium chloride, ascorbic acid): May increase the renal excretion of amantadine, potentially decreasing its efficacy.
• Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole: Decreased renal clearance of amantadine, potentially leading to toxicity
• Anticholinergics: Increased anticholinergic side effects (e.g., dry mouth, urine retention)
• CNS stimulants: Increased risk of agitation, restlessness, or seizures

常見問題