乙醯氧肟酸

用途

• Adjunctive therapy of persistent struvite uroliths and persistent urease-producing bacteria after treating with antibiotics and calculolytic diets

給藥方式

可能的副作用

• Anorexia
• Vomiting
• Mouth and esophageal ulcers
• Hemolytic anemia
• Hyperbilirubinemia
• Bilirubinuria
• CNS disturbances (anxiety, depression, tremulousness)
• Reticulocytosis
• Bone marrow depression
• Phlebitis
• Skin rashes and alopecia

注意事項與禁忌

• Cats (highly toxic)
• Patients with poor renal function (e.g., serum creatinine >2.5 mg/dL)
• Pregnancy (FDA Category X - severe teratogenic effects)
• > **WARNING**: Do NOT use in cats; AHA is highly toxic to felines. * **Renal Impairment**: Contraindicated in patients with poor renal function (serum creatinine > 2.5 mg/dL). * **Pregnancy**: Contraindicated during pregnancy (FDA Category X). In pregnant beagles, doses of 25 mg/kg/day caused cardiac, coccygeal, and abdominal wall abnormalities in puppies. Higher doses caused leg deformities and significant encephalopathologies. * **Adverse Effects**: High incidence of adverse effects limits its clinical usefulness. Close monitoring is required.

藥物相互作用

• Iron salts: AHA may chelate iron salts in the gut if given concomitantly, reducing absorption.
• Methenamine: AHA may have a synergistic effect with methenamine in inhibiting urine pH increases caused by urease-producing Proteus spp., and may potentiate antibacterial effects.
• Alcohol: In humans, concurrent use of AHA with alcohol has resulted in skin rashes.

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