Probenecid
別名: Benemid, Benuryl
> **Important Note**: Probenecid is rarely used in dogs and cats, and its safety profile in these species is not fully established. It is more commonly prescribed for exotic pets, particularly reptiles. * **Purpose**: Used to treat gout in reptiles or to intentionally prolong the effects of certain antibiotics in the body. * **Administration**: Give exactly as directed by your veterinarian. Do not give any new medications or supplements without consulting your vet, as probenecid interacts with many common drugs. * **Side Effects**: Watch for signs of stomach upset (loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting). Contact your vet if you notice any unusual behavior or symptoms.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- Gout
- Gout
- Gout
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Headache (humans)
- Inappetence
- Nausea
- Mild vomiting
- Rashes
- Increased rate of gouty attacks initially (if no prophylaxis)
- Hypersensitivity (rare)
- Bone marrow suppression (rare)
- Hepatotoxicity (rare)
- Nephrotic syndrome (rare)
注意事項與禁忌
- Patients with or susceptible to uric acid renal or bladder calculus formation
- Urate nephropathy (e.g., cancer chemotherapy with rapidly cytolytic agents)
- Severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance < 30 mL/min)
- Gout in birds (can exacerbate the condition)
- **Renal Function**: Probenecid requires sufficient renal function to be effective; efficacy decreases with increasing renal function impairment. **Avian Patients**: Not usually recommended for treating gout in birds as it can exacerbate the condition. **Laboratory Alterations**: May cause false-positive urine glucose (cupric sulfate method), falsely elevated theophylline levels, decreased 17-ketosteroid urine concentrations, and altered renal clearance study results.
藥物相互作用
- Acyclovir: Increased acyclovir serum concentrations; probenecid can decrease renal excretion
- Antineoplastics (rapidly cytolytic): Increased chance of uric acid nephropathy
- Aspirin (and other salicylates): Salicylates antagonize the uricosuric effects of probenecid
- Benzodiazepines (lorazepam, oxazepam): Probenecid may prolong action or reduce time for onset of action
- Beta-lactam antibiotics: Probenecid may increase serum concentrations by reducing renal excretion
- Beta-lactamase inhibitors (sulbactam, tazobactam): Probenecid may increase serum concentrations by reducing renal excretion (does not affect clavulanic acid)
- Chlorpropamide: Probenecid decreases elimination; hypoglycemia is possible
- Ciprofloxacin/Enrofloxacin: Probenecid reduces renal tubular secretion of ciprofloxacin by about 50%. Significantly reduces renal excretion of enrofloxacin in goats.
- Dapsone: Possible accumulation of dapsone or its active metabolites
- Furosemide: Increased serum furosemide levels
常見問題
Probenecid用於寵物有甚麼用途？
> **Important Note**: Probenecid is rarely used in dogs and cats, and its safety profile in these species is not fully established. It is more commonly prescribed for exotic pets, particularly reptiles. * **Purpose**: Used to treat gout in reptiles or to intentionally prolong the effects of certain antibiotics in the body. * **Administration**: Give exactly as directed by your veterinarian. Do not give any new medications or supplements without consulting your vet, as probenecid interacts with many common drugs. * **Side Effects**: Watch for signs of stomach upset (loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting). Contact your vet if you notice any unusual behavior or symptoms.
Probenecid對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。