硝普鈉
別名: Nitropress
藥物類別: Vasodilator
> **加護病房專用藥物** * 本藥物僅限由獸醫專業人員在加護病房 (ICU) 環境中使用。 * 需要透過專用輸液幫浦進行精確的靜脈給藥，並對寵物的血壓進行每分鐘的連續監測。 * 這是一種救命藥物，用於迅速穩定患有嚴重衰竭或經歷危險高血壓危機的寵物。 * 由於藥效非常強大，獸醫團隊會密切監測您的寵物是否有低血壓跡象或藥物代謝產物引起的副作用。
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
Veterinary professional? See the full dosing-by-species reference on VetSheet →
用途
- Hypertensive crisis (systolic arterial BP >200 mm Hg)
- Adjunctive treatment of heart failure (cardiogenic shock; fulminant pulmonary edema)
- Adjunctive treatment of heart failure
- Catastrophic pulmonary edema
- Hypertensive crisis (systolic arterial BP >200 mm Hg)
- Adjunctive treatment of heart failure (cardiogenic shock; fulminant pulmonary edema)
- Adjunctive treatment of heart failure
- Catastrophic pulmonary edema
給藥方式
IV
可能的副作用
- Profound hypotension
- Nausea
- Retching
- Restlessness
- Apprehension
- Muscle twitching
- Dizziness
- Infusion site irritation (avoid extravasation)
- Thiocyanate and cyanide toxicity (with prolonged use)
注意事項與禁忌
- Compensatory hypertension (e.g., AV shunts, coarctation of the aorta, Cushing's reflex)
- Inadequate cerebral circulation
- Emergency surgery in patients near death
- > **CRITICAL WARNING**: Must only be used in an ICU setting with continuous blood pressure monitoring. * **Organ Impairment**: Use with extreme caution in patients with hepatic insufficiency, severe renal impairment, hyponatremia, or hypothyroidism due to increased risk of thiocyanate/cyanide toxicity. * **Surgical Use**: When used for controlled hypotension during surgery, patients have less tolerance to hypovolemia, anemia, or blood loss. * **Geriatrics**: Older patients may be more sensitive to hypotensive effects. * **Pregnancy**: FDA Category C. Animal studies show adverse fetal effects. Use cautiously as a last resort when benefits clearly outweigh risks. Unknown if excreted in milk.
藥物相互作用
- General Anesthetics (e.g., halothane, enflurane): May enhance the hypotensive effects of nitroprusside.
- Dobutamine: Synergistic effects (increased cardiac output and reduced wedge pressure) may result; often used together beneficially in severe heart failure.
- Other Hypotensive Agents (e.g., beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors): Patients may be more sensitive to the hypotensive effects of nitroprusside.
常見問題
硝普鈉用於寵物有甚麼用途？
> 加護病房專用藥物 • 本藥物僅限由獸醫專業人員在加護病房 (ICU) 環境中使用。 • 需要透過專用輸液幫浦進行精確的靜脈給藥，並對寵物的血壓進行每分鐘的連續監測。 • 這是一種救命藥物，用於迅速穩定患有嚴重衰竭或經歷危險高血壓危機的寵物。 • 由於藥效非常強大，獸醫團隊會密切監測您的寵物是否有低血壓跡象或藥物代謝產物引起的副作用。
硝普鈉對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。