左旋咪唑
別名: Levasole, Tramisol, Amtech, Ascaridil, Decaris, Ergamisol, Immunol, Ketrax, Meglum, Prohibit, Solaskil, Vermisol, Vizole
* **嚴格給藥：** 請完全按照獸醫的指示給藥。左旋咪唑的安全範圍很窄，這意味著有效劑量和中毒劑量之間的差異很小。 * **不良反應：** 密切觀察您的寵物是否有中毒跡象，如過度流口水、發抖、喘氣、嘔吐、腹瀉或異常行為。如果出現這些情況，請立即聯繫您的獸醫。 * **給藥方式：** 如果用於某些特定疾病的口服治療，請勿在空腹或寵物喝水後立即給藥（請遵循獸醫的具體指示）。 * **食用動物：** 左旋咪唑未獲 FDA 批准用於繁殖期的乳用動物。請嚴格遵守屠宰停藥期（例如，牛 48 小時，羊/豬 72 小時）。 * **重複治療：** 處於嚴重寄生蟲感染環境中的動物，可能需要在首次治療後 2-4 週進行再次治療。
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
Veterinary professional? See the full dosing-by-species reference on VetSheet →
用途
- For removal of mature and immature Dictyocaulus vivapurus
- For treatment of susceptible nematodes
- For removal of mature and immature Dictyocaulus vivapurus
- For treatment of susceptible nematodes
- For the treatment of lungworms
- For Aelurostrongylus abstrusus (lungworms)
- For Capillaria aerophilia (lungworms)
- For the treatment of lungworms
- For Capillaria aerophilia (lungworms)
- For treatment of Ollulanus tricuspis
- As a microfilaricide
- For adjunctive therapy of feline plasma-cell gingivitis/pharyngitis (immune-stimulant)
- For removal of mature and immature Dictyocaulus vivapurus
- For treatment of susceptible nematodes
- As an immunostimulant
- As adjunctive therapy for EPM
- For intestinal nematodes
- For gavage in Australian Parakeets (or desert species that refuse to drink water)
- For parenteral use
- For immunostimulation
- As a parenteral immunostimulant
- As a nebulized immunostimulant
- For Capillaria infections
- Poultry nematodes
- For Libyastrongylus douglassi in Ratites
- For removal of mature and immature Metastrongylus
- For nematodes in Rabbits
- For recurrent cutaneous infections (immune stimulant)
- As an immune stimulant
- For adjunctive therapy in dogs with chronic pyoderma
- For adjunctive therapy in dogs with chronic pyoderma
- As an alternative treatment for SLE
- As a microfilaricide
- For treatment of Angiostrongylus vasorum
- For Crenosoma vulpis (lungworms)
- For Capillaria (lungworms)
- For Filaroides osleri (lungworms)
- For Filaroides osleri (lungworms)
- For Capillaria aerophilia (lungworms)
- As an anthelmintic (Nematodes, Acanthocephalans, or Pentastomes)
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Cattle: Muzzle foaming, hypersalivation, excitement, trembling, lip-licking, head shaking, injection site swelling
- Sheep/Goats: Transient excitability, depression, hyperesthesia, salivation, stinging upon SC injection
- Swine: Salivation, muzzle foaming, coughing/vomiting (especially if infected with lungworms)
- Dogs: GI disturbances (vomiting, diarrhea), neurotoxicity (panting, shaking, agitation), immune-mediated anemia, agranulocytosis, dyspnea, pulmonary edema, immune-mediated skin eruptions (erythema multiforme, toxic epidermal necrolysis), lethargy
- Cats: Hypersalivation, excitement, mydriasis, vomiting
注意事項與禁忌
- Lactating dairy animals (not approved)
- Severely debilitated animals
- Patients with significant renal or hepatic impairment
- Cats with FIV or FIP (and likely ineffective in FeLV)
- Use as a dirofilarial adulticide
- Intravenous (IV) administration (never recommended)
- Intramuscular (IM) administration in birds (avoid if possible)
- > **Narrow Margin of Safety:** Levamisole has a narrow therapeutic index, especially in small animals and birds. Accurate dosing is critical. * **Stress:** Use cautiously or delay use in cattle that are stressed due to vaccination, dehorning, or castration. * **Pregnancy:** FDA Category C / Papich Class C. Has been implicated in causing abortion in goats. Use only if potential benefits outweigh risks. * **Nursing:** Excreted in cows' milk; use with caution in nursing dams.
藥物相互作用
- Aspirin: Levamisole may increase salicylate levels
- Chloramphenicol: Fatalities have been reported after concomitant administration; avoid using these agents together
- Cholinesterase-inhibiting drugs (e.g., organophosphates, neostigmine): Could theoretically enhance the toxic effects of levamisole; use together with caution
- Nicotine-like compounds (e.g., pyrantel, morantel, diethylcarbamazine): Could theoretically enhance the toxic effects of levamisole; use together with caution
- Warfarin: Increased risk for bleeding
常見問題
左旋咪唑用於寵物有甚麼用途？
• 嚴格給藥： 請完全按照獸醫的指示給藥。左旋咪唑的安全範圍很窄，這意味著有效劑量和中毒劑量之間的差異很小。 • 不良反應： 密切觀察您的寵物是否有中毒跡象，如過度流口水、發抖、喘氣、嘔吐、腹瀉或異常行為。如果出現這些情況，請立即聯繫您的獸醫。 • 給藥方式： 如果用於某些特定疾病的口服治療，請勿在空腹或寵物喝水後立即給藥（請遵循獸醫的具體指示）。 • 食用動物： 左旋咪唑未獲 FDA 批准用於繁殖期的乳用動物。請嚴格遵守屠宰停藥期（例如，牛 48 小時，羊/豬 72 小時）。 • 重複治療： 處於嚴重寄生蟲感染環境中的動物，可能需要在首次治療後 2-4 週進行再次治療。
左旋咪唑對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。