氟烷
別名: Fluothane, Ineltano
氟烷是一種**吸入性麻醉氣體**，用於在手術期間讓動物保持無意識和無痛狀態。 * **現代應用：** 雖然過去非常普遍，但現今的獸醫院大多使用更新、更安全的麻醉氣體。如果使用了氟烷，代表您的獸醫師評估這對您寵物的特定情況是合適的。 * **風險：** 與所有全身麻醉一樣，它帶有血壓下降、心律改變和體溫降低等風險。您的獸醫團隊會在整個手術過程中密切監測寵物的生命徵象。 * **麻醉後護理：** 您的寵物回家後的一兩天內可能會感到昏昏欲睡。在牠們恢復期間，請將其安置在溫暖、安靜且安全的環境中。 * **注意事項：** 如果您的寵物過去曾對麻醉有不良反應，特別是出現過不明原因的發燒或肝臟問題，請務必告知您的獸醫師。
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
Veterinary professional? See the full dosing-by-species reference on VetSheet →
用途
- General Anesthesia
- General Anesthesia
- Induction of anaesthesia (unpremedicated)
- Maintenance of anaesthesia
- General Anesthesia (Draft Horses)
- General Anesthesia
- General Anesthesia (Mice, Rats, Gerbils, Hamsters, Guinea pigs, Chinchillas)
- General Anesthesia
- General Anesthesia
- Induction of anaesthesia (unpremedicated)
- Maintenance of anaesthesia
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Dose-related hypotension
- Cardiac depression and decreased cardiac output
- Cardiac dysrhythmias (sensitizes myocardium to catecholamines)
- Malignant hyperthermia-stress syndrome (reported in pigs, horses, dogs, cats)
- Hepatotoxicity (jaundice, fatal liver necrosis)
- Respiratory depression
- Hypothermia
- Dose-dependent hypotension
- Bradycardia
- Decreased myocardial contractility
- Reduced hepatic blood flow
- Ventricular arrhythmias
- Neonatal depression (crosses placental barrier)
注意事項與禁忌
- History or predilection towards malignant hyperthermia
- Significant hepatotoxicity or unexplained fever/jaundice after previous halothane exposure
- Liver disease
- Patients with a history of malignant hyperthermia
- > **Hepatotoxicity Warning:** Halothane can cause severe, sometimes fatal, liver necrosis. Do not re-expose patients who have previously shown unexplained fever or jaundice following halothane anesthesia. * **Cardiovascular/Neurologic:** Use with extreme caution in patients with cardiac arrhythmias, hepatic impairment, increased intracranial pressure (CSF) or head injury, myasthenia gravis, or pheochromocytoma. * **Pregnancy:** Categorized as Class C. May be teratogenic; use only when benefits clearly outweigh potential risks. * **Equipment:** Halothane vapor can react with aluminum, brass, and lead in the presence of moisture. It also causes rapid deterioration of rubber and some plastics.
藥物相互作用
- Acetaminophen: Not recommended for post-operative analgesia in patients that have received halothane anesthesia due to increased risk of hepatotoxicity.
- Acepromazine: Can decrease requirements of halothane by up to 40%.
- Aminoglycosides: Use with caution; additive neuromuscular blockade may occur.
- Lincosamides: Use with caution; additive neuromuscular blockade may occur.
- Non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents: Additive neuromuscular blockade may occur.
- Succinylcholine: May induce increased incidences of cardiac effects (bradycardia, arrhythmias, sinus arrest, apnea) and malignant hyperthermia in susceptible patients.
- Sympathomimetics (dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, ephedrine, metaraminol): Halothane sensitizes the myocardium to catecholamines; severe ventricular arrhythmias may result. Use with extreme caution at reduced doses.
- d-Tubocurarine: May cause significant hypotension if used with halothane.
- Sedatives: Reduces the concentration of halothane required to achieve surgical anaesthesia
- Opioid agonists: Reduces the concentration of halothane required to achieve surgical anaesthesia
- Nitrous oxide (N2O): Reduces the concentration of halothane required to achieve surgical anaesthesia
- Catecholamines: Facilitates the generation of ventricular arrhythmias
常見問題
氟烷用於寵物有甚麼用途？
氟烷是一種吸入性麻醉氣體，用於在手術期間讓動物保持無意識和無痛狀態。 • 現代應用： 雖然過去非常普遍，但現今的獸醫院大多使用更新、更安全的麻醉氣體。如果使用了氟烷，代表您的獸醫師評估這對您寵物的特定情況是合適的。 • 風險： 與所有全身麻醉一樣，它帶有血壓下降、心律改變和體溫降低等風險。您的獸醫團隊會在整個手術過程中密切監測寵物的生命徵象。 • 麻醉後護理： 您的寵物回家後的一兩天內可能會感到昏昏欲睡。在牠們恢復期間，請將其安置在溫暖、安靜且安全的環境中。 • 注意事項： 如果您的寵物過去曾對麻醉有不良反應，特別是出現過不明原因的發燒或肝臟問題，請務必告知您的獸醫師。
氟烷對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。