Halothane
別名: Fluothane, Ineltano
Halothane is an **inhaled anesthetic gas** used to keep animals unconscious and pain-free during surgery. * **Modern Use:** While it was very common in the past, veterinary hospitals today mostly use newer, safer anesthetic gases. If halothane is used, your veterinarian has determined it is appropriate for your pet's specific situation. * **Risks:** Like all general anesthetics, it carries risks such as drops in blood pressure, changes in heart rhythm, and lowered body temperature. Your veterinary team will closely monitor your pet's vital signs throughout the procedure. * **Post-Anesthesia:** Your pet may be groggy or sleepy for a day or two after coming home. Keep them in a warm, quiet, and safe environment while they recover. * **Warning:** Inform your veterinarian if your pet has ever had a bad reaction to anesthesia in the past, particularly unexplained fevers or liver issues.
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
用途
- General Anesthesia
- General Anesthesia
- Induction of anaesthesia (unpremedicated)
- Maintenance of anaesthesia
- General Anesthesia (Draft Horses)
- General Anesthesia
- General Anesthesia (Mice, Rats, Gerbils, Hamsters, Guinea pigs, Chinchillas)
- General Anesthesia
- General Anesthesia
- Induction of anaesthesia (unpremedicated)
- Maintenance of anaesthesia
給藥方式
可能的副作用
- Dose-related hypotension
- Cardiac depression and decreased cardiac output
- Cardiac dysrhythmias (sensitizes myocardium to catecholamines)
- Malignant hyperthermia-stress syndrome (reported in pigs, horses, dogs, cats)
- Hepatotoxicity (jaundice, fatal liver necrosis)
- Respiratory depression
- Hypothermia
- Dose-dependent hypotension
- Bradycardia
- Decreased myocardial contractility
- Reduced hepatic blood flow
- Ventricular arrhythmias
- Neonatal depression (crosses placental barrier)
注意事項與禁忌
- History or predilection towards malignant hyperthermia
- Significant hepatotoxicity or unexplained fever/jaundice after previous halothane exposure
- Liver disease
- Patients with a history of malignant hyperthermia
- > **Hepatotoxicity Warning:** Halothane can cause severe, sometimes fatal, liver necrosis. Do not re-expose patients who have previously shown unexplained fever or jaundice following halothane anesthesia. * **Cardiovascular/Neurologic:** Use with extreme caution in patients with cardiac arrhythmias, hepatic impairment, increased intracranial pressure (CSF) or head injury, myasthenia gravis, or pheochromocytoma. * **Pregnancy:** Categorized as Class C. May be teratogenic; use only when benefits clearly outweigh potential risks. * **Equipment:** Halothane vapor can react with aluminum, brass, and lead in the presence of moisture. It also causes rapid deterioration of rubber and some plastics.
藥物相互作用
- Acetaminophen: Not recommended for post-operative analgesia in patients that have received halothane anesthesia due to increased risk of hepatotoxicity.
- Acepromazine: Can decrease requirements of halothane by up to 40%.
- Aminoglycosides: Use with caution; additive neuromuscular blockade may occur.
- Lincosamides: Use with caution; additive neuromuscular blockade may occur.
- Non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents: Additive neuromuscular blockade may occur.
- Succinylcholine: May induce increased incidences of cardiac effects (bradycardia, arrhythmias, sinus arrest, apnea) and malignant hyperthermia in susceptible patients.
- Sympathomimetics (dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, ephedrine, metaraminol): Halothane sensitizes the myocardium to catecholamines; severe ventricular arrhythmias may result. Use with extreme caution at reduced doses.
- d-Tubocurarine: May cause significant hypotension if used with halothane.
- Sedatives: Reduces the concentration of halothane required to achieve surgical anaesthesia
- Opioid agonists: Reduces the concentration of halothane required to achieve surgical anaesthesia
常見問題
Halothane用於寵物有甚麼用途？
Halothane is an **inhaled anesthetic gas** used to keep animals unconscious and pain-free during surgery. * **Modern Use:** While it was very common in the past, veterinary hospitals today mostly use newer, safer anesthetic gases. If halothane is used, your veterinarian has determined it is appropriate for your pet's specific situation. * **Risks:** Like all general anesthetics, it carries risks such as drops in blood pressure, changes in heart rhythm, and lowered body temperature. Your veterinary team will closely monitor your pet's vital signs throughout the procedure. * **Post-Anesthesia:** Your pet may be groggy or sleepy for a day or two after coming home. Keep them in a warm, quiet, and safe environment while they recover. * **Warning:** Inform your veterinarian if your pet has ever had a bad reaction to anesthesia in the past, particularly unexplained fevers or liver issues.
Halothane對我的寵物安全嗎？
劑量必須由獸醫按你寵物的個別情況決定。切勿在沒有獸醫指導下給予人類藥物或其他寵物的處方藥。
本文僅供一般健康教育，不能取代專業獸醫意見。如寵物身體不適，請諮詢獸醫。